Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Studies of Leaf Extract of Simarouba glauca DC In Vitro

• Published in: Antibiotics (Basel) 2022-01, Vol.11 (1), p.59
• Main Authors: Ramasamy, Shanmuga Priya, Rajendran, Anitha, Pallikondaperumal, Muthukrishnan, Sundararajan, Priya, Husain, Fohad Mabood, Khan, Altaf, Hakeem, Mohammed Jamal, Alyousef, Abdullah A, Albalawi, Thamer, Alam, Pravej, Ali, Hazim M, Alqasim, Abdulaziz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibiotics; anticancer; Anticancer properties; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; antimicrobial; Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Antioxidants; Bioactive compounds; Biocompatibility; Biological activity; Breakpoints; Breast cancer; Cancer therapies; Cytotoxicity; Drug resistance; E coli; Ethanol; Flavonoids; Herbal medicine; Leaves; MCF-7 cell line; Medicinal plants; Metastasis; Methanol; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Pathogens; Phytochemicals; Plant extracts; Proteins; Simarouba glauca; Steroids; Synergistic effect; Terpenes; terpenoids; Toxicity
• ISSN: 2079-6382; 2079-6382
• DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010059

The current study aimed to screen the preliminary phytochemicals in the leaf extract of the medicinal plant and to analyze its potential antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer properties. The phytochemical profile of the methanol extract was analyzed, and bioactive compounds were identified using chromatography, FTIR and GCMS. Antimicrobial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined against 14 bacterial and 6 fungal strains. Moreover, the synergistic effect of a plant extract with commercially available antibiotics was also evaluated using the checkerboard method. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed exclusive activity against and profound activity against and . Upon comparing breakpoints, methanolic extract demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity with a MIC value of 3.2 mg/mL against the test pathogens. Furthermore, the extracts demonstrated potential antioxidant activity; methanol extract had higher antioxidant potential compared to the ethanol extract. The major proactive bioactive compound with maximum antioxidant capacity was observed to be terpenoids. The methanol extract of showed significant cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with an IC value of 16.12 µg/mL. The overall results of our work provide significant evidence for the usage of methanolic extract of as an efficient ethnomedicinal agent and a potential candidate for relieving many human ailments.