Relationships between Hyalesthes obsoletus, Its Herbaceous Hosts and Bois Noir Epidemiology in Northern Italian Vineyards

Hyalesthes obsoletus is the vector of “Candidatus Phytoplasma (Ca. P.) solani,” the causal agent of grapevine yellows Bois noir (BN). The relationships among the planthopper, its main herbaceous hosts as phytoplasma reservoirs (Convolvolus arvensis and Urtica dioica) and BN spreading were studied in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Insects (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-09, Vol.11 (9), p.606
Main Authors: Mori, Nicola, Cargnus, Elena, Martini, Marta, Pavan, Francesco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
Adults
Ca. Phytoplasma solani
Cixiidae
Convolvolus arvensis
Epidemiology
grapevine yellows diseases
Grapevines
Host plants
Hyalesthes obsoletus
Phenology
Phytoplasma
Population levels
Survival
Urtica dioica
Vegetation
Vineyards
Wineries & vineyards
Yellows
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Summary:Hyalesthes obsoletus is the vector of “Candidatus Phytoplasma (Ca. P.) solani,” the causal agent of grapevine yellows Bois noir (BN). The relationships among the planthopper, its main herbaceous hosts as phytoplasma reservoirs (Convolvolus arvensis and Urtica dioica) and BN spreading were studied in northern Italy. In two areas the relationship between host plants and the phenology and survival of planthopper adults was investigated in potted plants and in field conditions. Moreover, H. obsoletus ecology, newly symptomatic grapevine occurrence and “Ca. P. solani” tuf-types’ presence were studied in two vineyards (2014–2019). An earlier occurrence of H. obsoletus adults on C. arvensis than U. dioica and better adult survival of the originating host were observed. When U. dioica was prevalent, the vector occurred almost exclusively along the ditch outside the vineyard. Hyalesthes obsoletus amount varied widely from year to year and nymphal mortality due to late frosts was supposed. In one vineyard, the amount of newly symptomatic grapevines was significantly correlated with vector abundance in the previous year. The “Ca. P. solani” tuf-type was influenced by vector population levels on the two hosts. Since the abundance of H. obsoletus populations on the two hosts influences BN epidemiology and dynamics and the “Ca. P. solani” tuf-type, this must be considered in BN control strategies.
ISSN:2075-4450
2075-4450
DOI:10.3390/insects11090606