The Prognostic Value of Immune Factors in the Tumor Microenvironment of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The host's immune system plays a pivotal role in many tumor types, including squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). We aim to identify immunological prognosticators for lymph node metastases (LNM) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in penile SCC. For this retrospective observational cohort study, pe...

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Published in:Frontiers in immunology 2018-06, Vol.9, p.1253-1253
Main Authors: Ottenhof, Sarah Rosanne, Djajadiningrat, Rosa Sanne, Thygesen, Helene Hoegsbro, Jakobs, Pamela Josephine, Jóźwiak, Katarzyna, Heeren, Anne Marijne, de Jong, Jeroen, Sanders, Joyce, Horenblas, Simon, Jordanova, Ekaterina Straschimirova
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
B7-H1
HPV
immune escape
Immunology
microenvironment
penile cancer
programmed death ligand-1
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Summary:The host's immune system plays a pivotal role in many tumor types, including squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). We aim to identify immunological prognosticators for lymph node metastases (LNM) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in penile SCC. For this retrospective observational cohort study, penile SCC patients (  = 213) treated in the Netherlands Cancer Institute, were selected if sufficient formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor material was available. Analysis included previously described high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) status, immunohistochemical scores for classical and non-classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression, and novel data on tumor-infiltrating macrophages and cytotoxic an regulatory T-cells. Clinicopathological characteristics and extended follow-up were also included. Regression analyses investigated relationships of the immune parameters with LNM and DSS. In the total cohort, diffuse PD-L1 tumor-cell expression, CD163 macrophage infiltration, non-classical HLA class I upregulation, and low stromal CD8 T-cell infiltration were all associated with LNM. In the multivariable model, only tumor PD-L1 expression remained a significant predictor for LNM (odds ratio (OR) 2.8,  = 0.05). hrHPV negativity and diffuse PD-L1 tumor-cell expression were significantly associated with poor DSS and remained so upon correction for clinical parameters [hazard ratio (HR) 9.7,  
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01253