Caracterización biológica de los organismos incrustantes en sistemas de cultivo suspendido de Argopecten purpuratus en bahía Samanco (Ancash, Perú)

• Published in: Caldasia 2022-12, Vol.44 (3), p.567-582
• Main Authors: Tapia-Ugaz, Liliana, Nizama, Oscar, Arteaga, Caren, Chunga, Juan, Chipana, Gerardo, Refulio, Marianella
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; spa
• Subjects: Argopecten purpuratus; Arthropoda; Biofouling; BIOLOGY; Botrylloides violaceus; Bryozoa; Bugula neritina; Caprella equilibra; Caprella scaura; Chlorophyta; Chordata; Ciona intestinalis; Ciona robusta; Cnidaria; Dissolved oxygen; ECOLOGÍA; epibiontes; especies introducidas; Filter feeders; Fouling organisms; Functional morphology; Gastropoda; Information management; ingeniera de ecosistemas; Introduced species; Jassa slatteryi; Malacostraca; Marine environment; Mollusca; Mollusks; organismos incrustantes; Parameter identification; Physicochemical properties; Polychaeta; Porifera; Predators; Qualitative analysis; Rhodophyta; Scruparia ambigua; Semimytilus algosus; Shellfish; Species richness; Tubularia
• ISSN: 0366-5232; 2357-3759; 2357-3759
• DOI: 10.15446/caldasia.v44n3.91786

Biofouling is a by-product associated to the culture of the mollusk Argopecten purpuratus, that impacts the coastal marine environment due to its inadequate disposition. This work aims to characterize the distribution of biofouling during the years 2017 to 2019 and its functional organization, information that will allow improving the crop and to develop a management system environmentally responsible. The samples were taken from suspended culture systems of the bivalve mollusk A. purpuratus in the Samanco Bay (Ancash, Peru). Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and salinity, were measured monthly. The qualitative and quantitative analyses consisted of determining the species richness and abundance by recording their weight. A total of 80 taxa were recorded, 66 of these were identified to the species level. A total of 41 % of the organisms are encrusting, and include the phyla Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, Porifera, Cnidaria, Brachiochopoda, Bryozoa, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Chordata; of this 73 % are filter feeders. The remaining 59 % have some type of mobility, most are predators and include Polychaeta, Malacostraca, and Gastropoda. In addition, nine introduced species were registered: Ciona robusta, Ciona intestinalis, Bugula neritina, Bugulina stolonifera, Botrylloides violaceus, Caprella equilibra, Caprella scaura, Jassa slatteryi, and Scruparia ambigua. The species C. robusta, Semimytilus algosus, B. neritina, and Tubularia sp. are present throughout the year and represent 80 % of the biomass that makes up the community of fouling organisms. These results help to understand this complex diversity associated to the crop. Los organismos incrustantes son un subproducto generado del cultivo del molusco Argopecten purpuratus, que impactan el medio marino costero por su inadecuada disposición. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la distribución de los organismos incrustantes durante los años 2017 a 2019 y su organización funcional, información que permitirá mejorar el cultivo y desarrollar un manejo ambientalmente responsable. Las muestras fueron tomadas de sistemas de cultivo suspendido del molusco bivalvo A. purpuratus en bahía Samanco (Ancash, Perú). Se registraron mensualmente parámetros fisicoquímicos como temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, pH y salinidad. El análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo consistió en la determinación de la riqueza de especies y la abundancia mediante el registro del peso. Se encontraron 80 taxones