Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation

This review focuses on adipose tissue biology and introduces the concept of adipose tissue plasticity and expandability as key determinants of obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation. This concept is fundamental to our understanding of adipose tissue as a dynamic organ at the center of nutritiona...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of lipid research 2007-06, Vol.48 (6), p.1253-1262
Main Authors: Sethi, Jaswinder K., Vidal-Puig, Antonio J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes - cytology
Adipocytes - metabolism
Adipocytes - physiology
adipokines
Adipose Tissue - cytology
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adipose Tissue - physiology
Animals
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Lipid Metabolism
lipotoxicity
Metabolic syndrome
Models, Biological
obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - pathology
Obesity - physiopathology
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Summary:This review focuses on adipose tissue biology and introduces the concept of adipose tissue plasticity and expandability as key determinants of obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation. This concept is fundamental to our understanding of adipose tissue as a dynamic organ at the center of nutritional adaptation. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms by which adipose tissue can affect peripheral energy homeostasis, particularly in the context of overnutrition. Two mechanisms emerge that provide a molecular understanding for obesity-associated insulin resistance. These are a) the dysregulation of adipose tissue expandability and b) the abnormal production of adipokines. This knowledge has the potential to pave the way for novel therapeutic concepts and strategies for managing and/or correcting complications associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
ISSN:0022-2275
1539-7262
DOI:10.1194/jlr.R700005-JLR200