Intra- and inter-session reliability and repeatability of an infrared thermography device designed for materials to measure skin temperature of the triceps surae muscle tissue of athletes

• Published in: PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) CA), 2023-03, Vol.11, p.e15011-e15011, Article e15011
• Main Authors: Calvo-Lobo, Cesar, San-Antolín, Marta, García-García, Daniel, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Ricardo, Losa-Iglesias, Marta Elena, Cosín-Matamoros, Julia, Casado-Hernández, Israel, Martínez-Jiménez, Eva María, Mazoteras-Pardo, Victoria, Rodríguez-Sanz, David
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agreements; Analysis; Anatomy and Physiology; Athletes; Body mass index; Cameras; Data management; Drugs and Devices; Heat detection; Humans; Kinesiology; Leg; Lower extremity; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Muscles; Orthopedics; Regression analysis; Reproducibility; Reproducibility of Results; Skin; Skin Temperature; Sports; Sports Medicine; Statistical analysis; Thermography; Thermography - methods; Thermosensing; Triceps surae muscle
• ISSN: 2167-8359; 2167-8359
• DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15011

Infrared thermography devices have been commonly applied to measure superficial temperature in structural composites and walls. These tools were cheaper than other thermographic devices used to measure superficial human muscle tissue temperature. In addition, infrared thermography has been previously used to assess skin temperature related to muscle tissue conditions in the triceps surae of athletes. Nevertheless, the reliability and repeatability of an infrared thermography device designed for materials, such as the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30, have yet to be determined to measure skin temperature of the triceps surae muscle tissue of athletes. The purpose was to determine the procedure's intra- and inter-session reliability and repeatability to determine skin temperature within the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30 thermography device in the triceps surae muscle tissue of athletes, which was initially designed to measure the superficial temperature of materials. A total of 34 triceps surae muscles were bilaterally assessed from 17 healthy athletes using the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30 thermography device to determine intra- (at the same day separated by 1 h) and inter-session (at alternate days separated by 48 h) reliability and repeatability of the skin temperature of the soleus, medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles. The triceps surae complex weas measured by a region of interest of 1 cm through five infrared thermography images for each muscle. Statistical analyses comprised intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimum detectable change (MCD), systematic error of measurement, correlation ( ), and Bland-Altman plots completed with linear regression models ( ). Intra- and inter-session measurements of the proposed infrared thermography procedure showed excellent reliability (ICC = 0.968-0.977), measurement errors (SEM = 0.186-0.232 °C; MDC = 0.515-0.643 °C), correlations ( = 0.885-0.953), and did not present significant systematic error of measurements ( > 0.05). Adequate agreement between each pair of measurement moments was presented by the Bland-Altman plots according to the limits of agreement and non-significant linear regression models ( = 0.000-0.019; > 0.05). The proposed procedure to determine skin temperature within the Manual Infrared Camera PCE-TC 30 thermography device presented excellent intra- and inter-session reliability and repeatability in athletes' triceps surae muscle tissue. Fut