Homozygous CDKN2A/B deletions in low- and high-grade glioma: a meta-analysis of individual patient data and predictive values of p16 immunohistochemistry testing

CDKN2A/B deletions are prognostically relevant in low- and high-grade gliomas. Data on this is derived from heterogeneous series, an accurate estimation of survival risk from homozygous CDKN2A/B deletion is missing. Besides genetic testing, p16-immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a less cost intensive mea...

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Published in:Acta neuropathologica communications 2024-11, Vol.12 (1), p.180-11, Article 180
Main Authors: Noack, Darius, Wach, Johannes, Barrantes-Freer, Alonso, Nicolay, Nils H, Güresir, Erdem, Seidel, Clemens
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain Neoplasms - genetics
Brain Neoplasms - pathology
CDKN2A/B
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 - genetics
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 - genetics
Gene Deletion
Genetic aspects
Genetic screening
Glioma
Glioma - diagnosis
Glioma - genetics
Glioma - pathology
Gliomas
Homozygote
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Individual patient data
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Meta-analysis
Methods
Neoplasm Grading
Overall survival
p16
Predictive Value of Tests
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Summary:CDKN2A/B deletions are prognostically relevant in low- and high-grade gliomas. Data on this is derived from heterogeneous series, an accurate estimation of survival risk from homozygous CDKN2A/B deletion is missing. Besides genetic testing, p16-immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a less cost intensive means for indirect detection of CDKN2A/B alterations is possible but not validated in larger datasets. The present meta-analysis aimed to (1) reconstruct individual patient data (IPD) and estimate overall survival (OS) stratified by CDKN2A/B status from all literature and to (2) determine accuracy of p16 testing for CDKNA2/B detection from published studies. For survival analysis according to CDKN2A/B status 460 records were screened, four articles with 714 participants were included. In IDH-wildtype (IDH-wt) gliomas, 57.07% harbored the deletion compared to 9.76% in IDH-mutant (IDH-mut) gliomas. Median OS of patients with IDH-wt gliomas and homozygous CDKN2A/B deletion was 13.0 months compared to 18.0 months with non-deleted CDKN2A/B (p = 0.014, Log-Rank). With homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B the risk of death was increased by 1.5 (95%-CI 1.1-2.1). Median OS in patients with IDH-mut gliomas without CDKN2A/B deletion was 92.0 months compared to 40.0 months with CDKN2A/B deletion (p  5% and within IDH-mut glioma.
ISSN:2051-5960
2051-5960
DOI:10.1186/s40478-024-01889-7