The Similar and Distinct Roles of Satellite Glial Cells and Spinal Astrocytes in Neuropathic Pain

Preclinical studies have identified glial cells as pivotal players in the genesis and maintenance of neuropathic pain after nerve injury associated with diabetes, chemotherapy, major surgeries, and virus infections. Satellite glial cells (SGCs) in the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia of the periph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-03, Vol.12 (6), p.965
Main Authors: McGinnis, Aidan, Ji, Ru-Rong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astrocytes
Central nervous system
Chemotherapy
Control
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic neuropathy
dorsal root ganglia
Dorsal roots
fatty acids
Ganglia
Ganglia, Spinal - metabolism
Genotype & phenotype
Glial cells
gliopathy
Homeostasis
Humans
Identification and classification
Inflammation
nerve injury
Nervous system
Neuralgia - metabolism
Neuroglia
Neuroglia - metabolism
Neuronal-glial interactions
Neurons
Neurons - metabolism
Pain
Pathogenesis
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
Spinal cord
Trigeminal ganglion
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Summary:Preclinical studies have identified glial cells as pivotal players in the genesis and maintenance of neuropathic pain after nerve injury associated with diabetes, chemotherapy, major surgeries, and virus infections. Satellite glial cells (SGCs) in the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) express similar molecular markers and are protective under physiological conditions. They also serve similar functions in the genesis and maintenance of neuropathic pain, downregulating some of their homeostatic functions and driving pro-inflammatory neuro-glial interactions in the PNS and CNS, i.e., "gliopathy". However, the role of SGCs in neuropathic pain is not simply as "peripheral astrocytes". We delineate how these peripheral and central glia participate in neuropathic pain by producing different mediators, engaging different parts of neurons, and becoming active at different stages following nerve injury. Finally, we highlight the recent findings that SGCs are enriched with proteins related to fatty acid metabolism and signaling such as Apo-E, FABP7, and LPAR1. Targeting SGCs and astrocytes may lead to novel therapeutics for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells12060965