β-hydroxybutyrate as an Anti-Aging Metabolite

The ketone bodies, especially β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), derive from fatty acid oxidation and alternatively serve as a fuel source for peripheral tissues including the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. β-HB is currently considered not solely an energy substrate for maintaining metabolic homeostasis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2021-09, Vol.13 (10), p.3420
Main Authors: Wang, Lian, Chen, Peijie, Xiao, Weihua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylation
Adipocytes
Aging
Apoptosis
diseases
DNA methylation
Energy
Energy resources
Epigenetics
Fatty acids
Gene expression
Heart
Histones
Homeostasis
Insulin
ketone body
Ketones
Ketosis
Kidneys
Ligands
Lipolysis
Liver
Metabolism
Metabolites
Methylation
Mitochondria
Muscles
Musculoskeletal system
Neurodegeneration
Neuroprotection
Nutrition therapy
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Physiology
Review
Skeletal muscle
supplementation
β-hydroxybutyrate
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Summary:The ketone bodies, especially β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), derive from fatty acid oxidation and alternatively serve as a fuel source for peripheral tissues including the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. β-HB is currently considered not solely an energy substrate for maintaining metabolic homeostasis but also acts as a signaling molecule of modulating lipolysis, oxidative stress, and neuroprotection. Besides, it serves as an epigenetic regulator in terms of histone methylation, acetylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation to delay various age-related diseases. In addition, studies support endogenous β-HB administration or exogenous supplementation as effective strategies to induce a metabolic state of nutritional ketosis. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of β-HB metabolism and its relationship and application in age-related diseases. Future studies are needed to reveal whether β-HB has the potential to serve as adjunctive nutritional therapy for aging.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu13103420