A systematic review of metabolomics studies on metabolite profiling and phytogeographical discrimination of propolis

• Published in: Journal of functional foods 2024-12, Vol.123, p.106602, Article 106602
• Main Authors: Pratami, Diah Kartika, Mun'im, Abdul, Sahlan, Muhamad, Kumazawa, Shigenori, Jantan, Ibrahim, Rahmawati, Siti Irma, Putra, Masteria Yunovilsa, Bayu, Asep
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Functional foods; Metabolic pathway; Metabolite profiling; Metabolomics studies; Phytogeographical origin; Propolis
• ISSN: 1756-4646
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2024.106602

Propolis, a functional food ingredient, has diverse constituents that give it pharmacological properties. This systematic review aimed to provide a summary of propolis metabolomics studies throughout the past decade. Covidence systematic review platform was used to summarize propolis metabolomics papers from 2014 to 2024 in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Thirty-three articles were conducted in vitro and in vivo, providing information on metabolite profiling (molecular markers and metabolic pathway information) and its phytogeographical discrimination (botanical origin and regional discrimination). Advanced data analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, bioinformatics tools, and machine learning were used in addition to chromatographic, spectroscopic, and spectrometric procedures. Propolis composition can be affected by plant sources, bee species, and location. This review examined the limitations of propolis metabolomic studies and recommended ways to improve their quality and applicability. It provides information on propolis in the metabolic pathways of various diseases and its metabolites as functional food ingredients. [Display omitted] •Propolis metabolomics studies from 2014 to 2024 were systematically reviewed.•Metabolite profiling and phytogeographical discrimination of propolis were examined.•Advanced analytical techniques such as multivariate statistics, bioinformatics, and machine learning were employed.•Propolis composition is influenced by plant sources, bee species, and geographic location.•The review identifies limitations in current studies and offers recommendations for improvement.•Propolis metabolites have potential roles in disease pathways and as functional food ingredients.