Safety and Mode of Action of Diabetes Medications in comparison with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA)

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a delta amino acid naturally present in every living cell of the human body. 5-ALA is produced in the mitochondria as the first product of the porphyrin synthesis pathway and composes heme; exogenously supplemented 5-ALA helps in upregulating mitochondrial functions....

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Published in:Journal of diabetes research 2019, Vol.2019 (2019), p.1-10
Main Authors: Jabbar, Zaid, Tanaka, Tohru, Nakajima, Motowo, Iftikhar, Hanaa, Rehani, Peter R., Rehani, Riyadh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aminolevulinic Acid - adverse effects
Aminolevulinic Acid - therapeutic use
Animals
Bans
Binding sites
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Glucose - drug effects
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Glucagon
Glucose
Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism
Humans
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemic Agents - adverse effects
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Metabolism
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Patient Safety
Peptides
Review
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Treatment Outcome
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creator Jabbar, Zaid
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description 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a delta amino acid naturally present in every living cell of the human body. 5-ALA is produced in the mitochondria as the first product of the porphyrin synthesis pathway and composes heme; exogenously supplemented 5-ALA helps in upregulating mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Thus, in this review, we evaluate the mechanisms of action and adverse effects of common medications used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as 5-ALA including its mechanism and possible use in diabetes management.
doi_str_mv 10.1155/2019/4267357
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subjects Aminolevulinic Acid - adverse effects
Aminolevulinic Acid - therapeutic use
Animals
Bans
Binding sites
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Glucose - drug effects
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Glucagon
Glucose
Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism
Humans
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemic Agents - adverse effects
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Metabolism
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Patient Safety
Peptides
Review
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Treatment Outcome
title Safety and Mode of Action of Diabetes Medications in comparison with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA)
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