Sex- and Age-Specific Differences in Mice Fed a Ketogenic Diet

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that results in the elevation of serum ketone bodies, known as ketosis. This metabolic consequence has been suggested as a method for treating neurological conditions, improving exercise performance, and facilitating weight loss for overwe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-08, Vol.16 (16), p.2731
Main Authors: Sprankle, Kenyon W, Knappenberger, Mya A, Locke, Erica J, Thompson, Jack H, Vinovrski, Madison F, Knapsack, Kaylin, Kolwicz, Jr, Stephen C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiposity
Age Factors
Aging
Aging - physiology
Animals
Calories
Carbohydrates
Diet
Diet, Ketogenic
Epilepsy
Exercise
Fatty acids
Female
Females
Food
Glucose
Glucose Intolerance
Glycogen - metabolism
Heart
Hyperlipidemias - diet therapy
Hyperlipidemias - etiology
ketone bodies
ketosis
lipid accumulation
Lipid Metabolism
Liver
Liver - metabolism
Male
Males
Metabolism
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Motor ability
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Myocardium - metabolism
Physical fitness
Sex Characteristics
Sex Factors
Triglycerides
Weight Gain
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Summary:The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that results in the elevation of serum ketone bodies, known as ketosis. This metabolic consequence has been suggested as a method for treating neurological conditions, improving exercise performance, and facilitating weight loss for overweight individuals. However, since most research primarily uses male populations, little is known about the potential sex differences during the consumption of the KD. In addition, the effects of the KD on aging are relatively unexplored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore sex- and age-specific differences in mice fed the KD. Male and female C57BL/6N mice at either 12 wks or 24 wks of age were randomly assigned to a KD (90% fat, 1% carbohydrate) or chow (13% fat, 60% carbohydrate) group for 6 wks. KD induced weight gain, increased adiposity, induced hyperlipidemia, caused lipid accumulation in the heart and liver, and led to glycogen depletion in the heart, liver, and muscle with varying degrees of changes depending on age and sex. While younger and older male mice on the KD were prone to glucose intolerance, the KD acutely improved rotarod performance in younger females. Overall, this study highlights potential sex and aging differences in the adaptation to the KD.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16162731