Toxicity of metallic nanoparticles in the central nervous system

Metallic nanoparticles due to their small size and unique physico-chemical characteristics have found excellent applications in various branches of industry and medicine. Therefore, for many years a growing interest has been observed among the scientific community in the improvement of our understan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanotechnology reviews (Berlin) 2019-01, Vol.8 (1), p.175-200
Main Authors: Sawicki, Krzysztof, Czajka, Magdalena, Matysiak-Kucharek, Magdalena, Fal, Berta, Drop, Bartłomiej, Męczyńska-Wielgosz, Sylwia, Sikorska, Katarzyna, Kruszewski, Marcin, Kapka-Skrzypczak, Lucyna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Blood-brain barrier
brain
Cell membranes
Central nervous system
environmental exposure
In vivo methods and tests
Nanoparticles
Nervous system
Neurotoxicity
Organic chemistry
Organs
Oxidative stress
Scientific papers
Toxicity
Vertebrates
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Summary:Metallic nanoparticles due to their small size and unique physico-chemical characteristics have found excellent applications in various branches of industry and medicine. Therefore, for many years a growing interest has been observed among the scientific community in the improvement of our understanding of the impact of nanoparticles on the living organisms, especially on humans. Considering the delicate structure of the central nervous systemit is one of the organs most vulnerable to the adverse effects of metallic nanoparticles. For that reason, it is important to identify the modes of exposure and understand the mechanisms of the effect of nanoparticles on neuronal tissue. In this review, an attempt is undertaken to present current knowledge about metallic nanoparticles neurotoxicity based on the selected scientific publications. The route of entry of nanoparticles is described, as well as their distribution, penetration through the cell membrane and the blood-brain barrier. In addition, a study on the neurotoxicity and is presented, as well as some of the mechanisms that may be responsible for the negative effects of metallic nanoparticles on the central nervous system. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the toxicity of metallic NPs in the brain and central nervous system of the higher vertebrates.
ISSN:2191-9097
2191-9089
2191-9097
DOI:10.1515/ntrev-2019-0017