Energy saving in 5G mobile communication through traffic driven cell zooming strategy

• Published in: Energy nexus 2022-03, Vol.5, p.100040, Article 100040
• Main Author: Dahal, Madhu Sudan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 5 G; Cell zooming; Energy efficiency; Energy saving; Green wireless communication; Traffic load
• ISSN: 2772-4271; 2772-4271
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100040

•Energy consumption of the base transceiver system during low traffic through the cell zooming technique is measured.•Wastage of energy consumption in each base transceiver system is measured during low traffic.•An algorithm for cell zooming technique is proposed.•The power consumption in this pilot test is reduced by 795 W through a proposed algorithm of traffic driven cell zooming strategy.•The measured results show that energy can be saved up to 20% for a group of five base stations as compared with the static cell zooming. Cell zooming has emerged as a potential energy optimization avenue towards the implementation of 5 G mobile communication. The voice and data traffic of mobile communication is low most of the time resulting in the wastage of energy consumption. Static cell zooming technique created restoring problems to the optimum capacity when the traffic suddenly increased. There is the potential of optimizing the energy consumption through dynamic cell zooming technique without compromising in the quality of service. This paper proposes a traffic-driven cell zooming technique, where the coverage area of Base Stations can expand and contract as per the traffic volume. This is done by switching-off Base Stations having low traffic and compensating the coverage loss by expanding the neighbouring Base Stations coverage through increasing transmit power. The developed algorithm firstly adjusts dynamically the number of BSs to be enabled or disabled as per the traffic volume, secondly it determines how much transmit power of enabled BSs should be increased in order to cover the coverage area of disabled BSs and lastly guarantees the quality of service. The measured results of the proposed algorithm show that the power consumption can be reduced up to 20% as compared with the static cell zooming.