Nanomaterials-Upconverted Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Engineering and a Platform for Drug Delivery

Hydroxyapatite is a basic mineral that is very important to the human body framework. Recently, synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA) and its nanocomposites (HANs) are the subject of intense research for bone tissue engineering and drug loading system applications, due to their unique, tailor-made characte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of nanomedicine 2021-01, Vol.16, p.6477-6496
Main Authors: Halim, Nur Akma Abdul, Hussein, Mohd Zobir, Kandar, Mohd Khairuddin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Biodegradable materials
bone tissue engineering and drug carrier
Bones
Calcium phosphates
Cell growth
Ceramic materials
Ceramics
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Hydroxyapatite
Methicillin
Methods
Morphology
Nanocomposites
Nanomaterials
physicochemical enhancement
Review
Tissue engineering
Transplants & implants
Vehicles
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Summary:Hydroxyapatite is a basic mineral that is very important to the human body framework. Recently, synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA) and its nanocomposites (HANs) are the subject of intense research for bone tissue engineering and drug loading system applications, due to their unique, tailor-made characteristics, as well as their similarities with the bone mineral component in the human body. Although hydroxyapatite has good biocompatibility and osteoconductive characteristics, the poor mechanical strength restricts its use in non-load-bearing applications. Consequently, a rapid increase in reinforcing of other nanomaterials into hydroxyapatite for the formation of HANs could improve the mechanical properties. Most of the research reported on the success of other nanomaterials such as metals, ceramics and natural/synthetic polymers as additions into hydroxyapatite is reviewed. In addition, this review also focuses on the addition of various substances into hydroxyapatite for the formation of various HANs and at the same time to try to minimize the limitations so that various bone tissue engineering and drug loading system applications can be exploited.
ISSN:1178-2013
1176-9114
1178-2013
DOI:10.2147/IJN.S298936