Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks

Background Sexual differentiation can occur after exposure to aromatase into the left gonad at 6.5 days of incubation. Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens by a process called aromatization. Objectives The aim of this study was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary medicine and science 2021-11, Vol.7 (6), p.2362-2373
Main Authors: Abdulateef, Salwan M., Majid, Ahmad A., Al‐Bayer, Mohammed A., Shawkat, Srwd S., Tatar, Ahmad, Mohammed, Thafer T., Abdulateef, Firas M., Al‐Ani, Mohammed Q.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Androgens
Animals
Aromatase
Aromatase Inhibitors - pharmacology
Birds
Body weight
Carbohydrates
Carotenoids
Chick Embryo
Chickens
chicks
Eggs
embryo
Embryogenesis
Embryonic Development
Embryos
Enzymes
Estrogens
Feathers
Female
Females
Flavonoids
Garlic
Hatchability
Hatching
Hormones
Humidity
in ovo
Juveniles
Lipids
Male
Males
Original
Ovaries
Potassium
Proteins
Sex chromosomes
Sex Differentiation
Sex reversal
Sexing
Steroids
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Summary:Background Sexual differentiation can occur after exposure to aromatase into the left gonad at 6.5 days of incubation. Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens by a process called aromatization. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of in ovo exposure to the aromatase inhibitor from tomato and garlic extract on sexual differentiation and embryonic development in chicken embryos. Methods Three hundred eggs divided into five groups: Control 1 (CO; no injection); control 2 distilled water, DW; 0.1 ml/egg); garlic extract (GAR; 0.1 mg/egg); tomato extract (TOM; 0.1 mg/egg); and garlic and tomato extract mixed (ATM, 0.1 ml/egg). The solution was prepared and injected into the albumin from the thin end of the eggs on day five by using a 1 ml syringe with a 23‐gauge needle. The embryonic test (embryo/egg weight) conducted at 7, 14 and 17 days of incubation. After hatching, feather sexing conducted to determine the initial male. Chicks sex was later confirmed on day 42 by an optical microscope lens. Results The results revealed that there was a significant increase (p 
ISSN:2053-1095
2053-1095
DOI:10.1002/vms3.623