Emerging Nanotherapeutic Approaches to Overcome Drug Resistance in Cancers with Update on Clinical Trials

A key issue with modern cancer treatments is the emergence of resistance to conventional chemotherapy and molecularly targeted medicines. Cancer nanotherapeutics were created in order to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional chemotherapeutics. Over the last few decades, cancer nanotherape...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2022-04, Vol.14 (4), p.866
Main Author: Bukhari, Syed Nasir Abbas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Apoptosis
Bioavailability
Biodistribution
cancer
cancer stem cells
Cancer therapies
Cell growth
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Drug resistance
Fatalities
Ligands
Nanoparticles
nanotherapeutics
Quantum dots
Radiation
Review
Stem cells
Surgery
tumor microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:A key issue with modern cancer treatments is the emergence of resistance to conventional chemotherapy and molecularly targeted medicines. Cancer nanotherapeutics were created in order to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional chemotherapeutics. Over the last few decades, cancer nanotherapeutics provided unparalleled opportunities to understand and overcome drug resistance through clinical assessment of rationally designed nanoparticulate delivery systems. In this context, various design strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting, nano-drug, and multimodal nano-drug combination therapy provided effective cancer treatment. Even though cancer nanotherapy has made great technological progress, tumor biology complexity and heterogeneity and a lack of comprehensive knowledge of nano-bio interactions remain important roadblocks to future clinical translation and commercialization. The current developments and advancements in cancer nanotherapeutics employing a wide variety of nanomaterial-based platforms to overcome cancer treatment resistance are discussed in this article. There is also a review of various nanotherapeutics-based approaches to cancer therapy, including targeting strategies for the tumor microenvironment and its components, advanced delivery systems for specific targeting of cancer stem cells (CSC), as well as exosomes for delivery strategies, and an update on clinical trials. Finally, challenges and the future perspective of the cancer nanotherapeutics to reverse cancer drug resistance are discussed.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14040866