Bioactive Neuroelectronic Interfaces

Within the neural engineering field, next-generation implantable neuroelectronic interfaces are being developed using biologically-inspired and/or biologically-derived materials to improve upon the stability and functional lifetime of current interfaces. These technologies use biomaterials, bioactiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in neuroscience 2019-03, Vol.13, p.269-269
Main Authors: Adewole, Dayo O, Serruya, Mijail D, Wolf, John A, Cullen, D Kacy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Cytokines
Electrodes
Extracellular matrix
Interfaces
Nervous system
neural engineering
Neurodegeneration
neuroprosthetics
Neuroscience
neurotechnology and brain-machine interface
Scars
tissue engineering
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Within the neural engineering field, next-generation implantable neuroelectronic interfaces are being developed using biologically-inspired and/or biologically-derived materials to improve upon the stability and functional lifetime of current interfaces. These technologies use biomaterials, bioactive molecules, living cells, or some combination of these, to promote host neuronal survival, reduce the foreign body response, and improve chronic device-tissue integration. This article provides a general overview of the different strategies, milestones, and evolution of bioactive neural interfaces including electrode material properties, biological coatings, and "decoration" with living cells. Another such biohybrid approach developed in our lab uses preformed implantable micro-tissue featuring long-projecting axonal tracts encased within carrier biomaterial micro-columns. These so-called "living electrodes" have been engineered with carefully tailored material, mechanical, and biological properties to enable natural, synaptic based modulation of specific host circuitry while ultimately being under computer control. This article provides an overview of these living electrodes, including design and fabrication, performance attributes, as well as findings to date characterizing and functionality.
ISSN:1662-4548
1662-453X
1662-453X
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2019.00269