How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, contributing to human health. Nevertheless, some factors (sex, age, lifestyle, physical activity, drug-based therapies, diet, etc.) affect its composition and functionality, linked to pathologies and immunologic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2022-06, Vol.14 (12), p.2456
Main Authors: Campaniello, Daniela, Corbo, Maria Rosaria, Sinigaglia, Milena, Speranza, Barbara, Racioppo, Angela, Altieri, Clelia, Bevilacqua, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbohydrates
Dairy products
Diet
Digestive organs
endurance fitness
Exercise
Fatty acids
Food
Gluten
gut microbiota
Health aspects
Homeostasis
Immunological diseases
Immunology
Intestinal microflora
ketogenic diet
Lifestyles
Meat
Mediterranean diet
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Physical activity
physical exercise
Physical fitness
Physiological aspects
Physiological effects
Population
Review
Special diets
Veganism
Vegetarian diet
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Summary:Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, contributing to human health. Nevertheless, some factors (sex, age, lifestyle, physical activity, drug-based therapies, diet, etc.) affect its composition and functionality, linked to pathologies and immunological diseases. Concerning diet, it interacts with microorganisms, leading to beneficial or detrimental outcomes for the health of host. On the other hand, physical activity is known to be useful for preventing and, sometimes, treating several diseases of cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, respiratory, and muscular systems. This paper focuses on diet and physical activity presenting the current knowledge about how different diets (Western, ketogenic, vegan, gluten free, Mediterranean) as well as different types of exercise (intensive, endurance, aerobic) could shape gut microbiota.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu14122456