Ramanomics: New Omics Disciplines Using Micro Raman Spectrometry with Biomolecular Component Analysis for Molecular Profiling of Biological Structures

Modern instrumentation for Raman microspectroscopy and current techniques in analysis of spectral data provide new opportunities to study molecular interactions and dynamics at subcellular levels in biological systems. Implementation of biomolecular component analysis (BCA) to microRaman spectrometr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biosensors (Basel) 2017-11, Vol.7 (4), p.52
Main Authors: Kuzmin, Andrey N, Pliss, Artem, Prasad, Paras N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
biomolecular analysis
Biosensors
Data processing
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Heterogeneity
Instrumentation
Lipids
microscopy
Molecular interactions
Organelles
Proteins
Raman spectrometry
Review
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Scientific imaging
single cell assay
Spectrometry
Spectroscopy
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Summary:Modern instrumentation for Raman microspectroscopy and current techniques in analysis of spectral data provide new opportunities to study molecular interactions and dynamics at subcellular levels in biological systems. Implementation of biomolecular component analysis (BCA) to microRaman spectrometry provides basis for the emergence of Ramanomics, a new biosensing discipline with unprecedented capabilities to measure concentrations of distinct biomolecular groups in live cells and organelles. Here we review the combined use of microRaman-BCA techniques to probe absolute concentrations of proteins, DNA, RNA and lipids in single organelles of live cells. Assessing biomolecular concentration profiles of organelles at the single cell level provides a physiologically relevant set of biomarkers for cellular heterogeneity. In addition, changes to an organelle's biomolecular concentration profile during a cellular transformation, whether natural, drug induced or disease manifested, can provide molecular insight into the nature of the cellular process.
ISSN:2079-6374
2079-6374
DOI:10.3390/bios7040052