Application of 2,4-Epibrassinolide Improves Drought Tolerance in Tobacco through Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms

Drought stress is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant growth and development. Brassinosteroids (BR), including 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR), play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses, including drought stress. This work investigates exogenous EBR applica...

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Published in:Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-08, Vol.11 (8), p.1192
Main Authors: Khan, Rayyan, Ma, Xinghua, Hussain, Quaid, Asim, Muhammad, Iqbal, Anas, Ren, Xiaochun, Shah, Shahen, Chen, Keling, Shi, Yi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2,4-epibrassinolide
Abiotic stress
Antioxidants
Brassinolide
Brassinosteroids
brassinosteroids and auxin signaling
Cell division
cell expansion and leaf thickness
Climate change
Defense
Drought
Drought resistance
drought stress
drought tolerance
Enzymatic activity
Ethanol
Experiments
Gene expression
Leaves
Osmoregulation
Pin1 protein
Plant growth
Reactive oxygen species
Seeds
Signal transduction
Tobacco
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Summary:Drought stress is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant growth and development. Brassinosteroids (BR), including 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR), play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses, including drought stress. This work investigates exogenous EBR application roles in improving drought tolerance in tobacco. Tobacco plants were divided into three groups: WW (well-watered), DS (drought stress), and DSB (drought stress + 0.05 mM EBR). The results revealed that DS decreased the leaf thickness (LT), whereas EBR application upregulated genes related to cell expansion, which were induced by the BR (DWF4, HERK2, and BZR1) and IAA (ARF9, ARF6, PIN1, SAUR19, and ABP1) signaling pathway. This promoted LT by 28%, increasing plant adaptation. Furthermore, EBR application improved SOD (22%), POD (11%), and CAT (5%) enzyme activities and their related genes expression (FeSOD, POD, and CAT) along with a higher accumulation of osmoregulatory substances such as proline (29%) and soluble sugars (14%) under DS and conferred drought tolerance. Finally, EBR application augmented the auxin (IAA) (21%) and brassinolide (131%) contents and upregulated genes related to drought tolerance induced by the BR (BRL3 and BZR2) and IAA (YUCCA6, SAUR32, and IAA26) signaling pathways. These results suggest that it could play an important role in improving mechanisms of drought tolerance in tobacco.
ISSN:2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI:10.3390/biology11081192