Nanobiotechnology applications of reconstituted high density lipoprotein

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a fundamental role in the Reverse Cholesterol Transport pathway. Prior to maturation, nascent HDL exist as disk-shaped phospholipid bilayers whose perimeter is stabilized by amphipathic apolipoproteins. Methods have been developed to generate reconstituted (rHDL)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of nanobiotechnology 2010-12, Vol.8 (1), p.28-28
Main Author: Ryan, Robert O
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apolipoproteins
Contrast agents
Drugs
Hemodialysis
High density lipoproteins
In vitro testing
Incorporation
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Membranes
Nanocomposites
Nanomaterials
Nanostructure
Nanotechnology
Phase transitions
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
Transport
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Summary:High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a fundamental role in the Reverse Cholesterol Transport pathway. Prior to maturation, nascent HDL exist as disk-shaped phospholipid bilayers whose perimeter is stabilized by amphipathic apolipoproteins. Methods have been developed to generate reconstituted (rHDL) in vitro and these particles have been used in a variety of novel ways. To differentiate between physiological HDL particles and non-natural rHDL that have been engineered to possess additional components/functions, the term nanodisk (ND) is used. In this review, various applications of ND technology are described, such as their use as miniature membranes for solubilization and characterization of integral membrane proteins in a native like conformation. In other work, ND harboring hydrophobic biomolecules/drugs have been generated and used as transport/delivery vehicles. In vitro and in vivo studies show that drug loaded ND are stable and possess potent biological activity. A third application of ND is their use as a platform for incorporation of amphiphilic chelators of contrast agents, such as gadolinium, used in magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, it is demonstrated that the basic building block of plasma HDL can be repurposed for alternate functions.
ISSN:1477-3155
1477-3155
DOI:10.1186/1477-3155-8-28