Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles and Immune Modulation of the Host

This article reviews the role of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in mediating the interaction between Gram-negative bacteria and their human hosts. OMVs are produced by a diverse range of Gram-negative bacteria during infection and play a critical role in facilitating host-pathogen interactions witho...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Membranes (Basel) 2023-08, Vol.13 (9), p.752
Main Authors: Charpentier, Lily A, Dolben, Emily F, Hendricks, Matthew R, Hogan, Deborah A, Bomberger, Jennifer M, Stanton, Bruce A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacterial infections
Bacterial vesicles
Biosynthesis
Chronic infection
DNA methylation
DNA methylation (DNAm)
Epigenetic inheritance
Epigenetics
Genetic engineering
Gram-negative bacteria
Health aspects
Host-pathogen interactions
immune modulation
Immune response
Immune system
Immunomodulation
Infection
Infections
inter-kingdom communication
Ions
Membrane vesicles
Membranes
Microorganisms
MicroRNAs
Microscopy
outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)
Pathogens
Protein transport
Proteins
Review
Transfer RNA
Vesicles
Virulence
Virulence (Microbiology)
Virulence factors
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Summary:This article reviews the role of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in mediating the interaction between Gram-negative bacteria and their human hosts. OMVs are produced by a diverse range of Gram-negative bacteria during infection and play a critical role in facilitating host-pathogen interactions without requiring direct cell-to-cell contact. This article describes the mechanisms by which OMVs are formed and subsequently interact with host cells, leading to the transport of microbial protein virulence factors and short interfering RNAs (sRNA) to their host targets, exerting their immunomodulatory effects by targeting specific host signaling pathways. Specifically, this review highlights mechanisms by which OMVs facilitate chronic infection through epigenetic modification of the host immune response. Finally, this review identifies critical knowledge gaps in the field and offers potential avenues for future OMV research, specifically regarding rigor and reproducibility in OMV isolation and characterization methods.
ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes13090752