The role of precentral cerebellar vein in neurosurgery: An in-depth review of anatomy, implications, and risks

• Published in: Brain & spine 2024-01, Vol.4, p.102861, Article 102861
• Main Authors: Atallah, Oday, Scalia, Gianluca, Azab, Mohammed A., Muthana, Ahmed, Wawi, Omar, Sanker, Vivek, Etaiwi, Almutasimbellah K., Hoz, Samer S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Neurosurgery; Neurosurgical implications; Posterior fossa tumors; Precentral cerebellar vein; Review; Surgical anatomy
• ISSN: 2772-5294; 2772-5294
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bas.2024.102861

The Precentral Cerebellar Vein (PCV) plays a crucial role as an anatomical landmark in neurosurgery, and the possibility of its safe sacrifice is controversial. Understanding its anatomical nuances and clinical implications is fundamental in enhancing neurosurgical practice. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to consolidate literature on the PCV. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched using predefined criteria. Studies providing complete research texts in English, focusing on the PCV's surgical anatomy and neurosurgical implications were included. Fourteen articles met inclusion criteria, exploring the PCV's anatomical variations, trajectory, dimensions, and connections. The PCV's utility in localizing posterior fossa tumors was underscored, aiding in surgical precision. However, sacrifices of the PCV or minor veins for access to quadrigeminal areas posed postoperative risks, emphasizing the need for careful preoperative planning. Additionally, the PCV's diagnostic value in venous malformations and developmental anomalies was highlighted. This comprehensive review accentuates the pivotal role of the PCV in neurosurgery. While serving as a vital guide in procedures, it poses potential risks when manipulated. Understanding its multifaceted significance, from anatomy to clinical implications, is paramount for informed decision-making and minimizing complications in neurosurgical interventions. •The PCV plays a crucial role as a landmark in microsurgical procedures, helping neurosurgeons precisely localize tumors in the posterior fossa.•The PCV's clinical value in diagnosing venous malformations and developmental anomalies.•Venous infarction and hemorrhage are example of the potential complications that may arise from PCV manipulation during surgery.