Prevalence and Virulence Characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium in Bovine Mastitis Milk Compared to Bovine Normal Raw Milk in South Korea

Enterococcus spp. are pathogens that cause environmental mastitis and are difficult to eliminate owing to their resistance to antibiotics. To compare the virulence characteristics of isolates from bovine mastitis milk (BMM) and bovine normal raw milk (NRM), we isolated Enterococcus spp. from 39 dair...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2022-05, Vol.12 (11), p.1407
Main Authors: Kim, Hyeon-Jin, Youn, Hye-Young, Kang, Hye-Jeong, Moon, Jin-San, Jang, Yong-Seok, Song, Kwang-Young, Seo, Kun-Ho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance
Bacteria
Biofilms
bovine mastitis milk
bovine normal raw milk
Cattle
Chloramphenicol
Chloromycetin
Ciprofloxacin
Dairy farming
Dairy farms
Dairy industry
Doxycycline
Drug resistance
Enterococcus
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecium
Enterococcus spp
Gelatinase
Genes
Gram-positive bacteria
Mastitis
Milk
Nitrofurantoin
Nosocomial infections
Pathogens
Phenotypes
Public health
Rifampin
Staphylococcus infections
Virulence
Virulence factors
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Summary:Enterococcus spp. are pathogens that cause environmental mastitis and are difficult to eliminate owing to their resistance to antibiotics. To compare the virulence characteristics of isolates from bovine mastitis milk (BMM) and bovine normal raw milk (NRM), we isolated Enterococcus spp. from 39 dairy farms in South Korea from 2015−2020. A total of 122 Enterococcus spp. were identified, with Enterococcus faecalis (73.8%) accounting for the majority, followed by Enterococcus faecium (26.2%). E. faecalis isolated from BMM harbored gelE, asa1, esp, and cylA genes with a prevalence of 85.7, 71.4, 54.3, and 30.0%, respectively. These genes were significantly more abundant in BMM than in NRM, except for asa1 (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, strong biofilm and gelatinase formation was predominately observed for BMM isolates and this was significantly correlated to the presence of esp and gelE genes (p < 0.05). BMM isolates demonstrated higher resistance to tetracycline (59.3%), followed by chloramphenicol (21.0%), rifampicin (18.5%), doxycycline (4.9%), ciprofloxacin (1.2%), and nitrofurantoin (1.2%), than those from NRM. E. faecalis harboring esp, gelE, and cylA may be causative agents for bovine mastitis and act as a reservoir for the transmission of virulence factors to humans.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani12111407