gamma-H2AX: Can it be established as a classical cancer prognostic factor?

Double-strand breaks are among the first procedures taking place in cancer formation and progression as a result of endogenic and exogenic factors. The histone variant H2AX undergoes phosphorylation at serine 139 due to double-strand breaks, and the gamma-H2AX is formatted as a result of genomic ins...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tumor Biology 2017-03, Vol.39 (3), p.1010428317695931-1010428317695931
Main Authors: Palla, Viktoria-Varvara, Karaolanis, Georgios, Katafigiotis, Ioannis, Anastasiou, Ioannis, Patapis, Paul, Dimitroulis, Dimitrios, Perrea, Despoina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ataxia
Authorship
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Bone cancer
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cell cycle
Cell division
Cervix
Colon
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
DNA damage
DNA Damage - genetics
DNA repair
DNA Repair - genetics
Endometrial cancer
Endometrium
Esophagus
Flow cytometry
Genetic transformation
Genomic Instability
Histones - genetics
Humans
Kinases
Lung cancer
Medical prognosis
Medical screening
Melanoma
Methods
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - pathology
Neuroblastoma
Phosphorylation
Prognosis
Proteins
Serine
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Summary:Double-strand breaks are among the first procedures taking place in cancer formation and progression as a result of endogenic and exogenic factors. The histone variant H2AX undergoes phosphorylation at serine 139 due to double-strand breaks, and the gamma-H2AX is formatted as a result of genomic instability. The detection of gamma-H2AX can potentially serve as a biomarker for transformation of normal tissue to premalignant and consequently to malignant tissues. gamma-H2AX has already been investigated in a variety of cancer types, including breast, lung, colon, cervix, and ovary cancers. The prognostic value of gamma-H2AX is indicated in certain cancer types, such as breast or endometrial cancer, but further investigation is needed to establish gamma-H2AX as a prognostic marker. This review outlines the role of gamma-H2AX in cell cycle, and its formation as a result of DNA damage. We investigate the role of gamma-H2AX formation in several cancer types and its correlation with other prognostic factors, and we try to find out whether it fulfills the requirements for its establishment as a classical cancer prognostic factor.
ISSN:1010-4283
1423-0380
DOI:10.1177/1010428317695931