Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Can Biomarkers Assist in Differential Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Strategy?

A crucial complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT), namely, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), occurs in about 50% of transplant recipients, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Thus far, the diagnosis of GVHD has been mainly established through clinical f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-02, Vol.17 (3), p.298
Main Authors: Alexoudi, Vaia-Aikaterini, Gavriilaki, Eleni, Cheva, Angeliki, Sakellari, Ioanna, Papadopoulou, Stavroula, Paraskevopoulos, Konstantinos, Vahtsevanos, Konstantinos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Care and treatment
Clinical medicine
Cytokines
Diagnosis
Graft versus host disease
Graft versus host reaction
GVHD
Health aspects
Hematopoietic stem cells
Kinases
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
MicroRNAs
Mortality
Organ transplant recipients
Proteins
Review
saliva
Transplantation
Transplants & implants
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:A crucial complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT), namely, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), occurs in about 50% of transplant recipients, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Thus far, the diagnosis of GVHD has been mainly established through clinical features and histologic or laboratory evidence of periductal lymphocyte infiltration, fibroplasia, and mixed lymphocytic and plasmocytic inflammation. Intensive research is focused on identifying biomarkers for the early diagnosis, prediction of disease, response to treatment, prognosis, and risk stratification of patients. The serum biomolecules that have been investigated are reported and summarized. Moreover, oral tissue involvement in GVHD is described, and other biomarkers that have been proposed, such as saliva, are analyzed. Future research is highlighted as a necessity in order for these biomarkers to be validated and quantified for use in clinical practice.
ISSN:1424-8247
1424-8247
DOI:10.3390/ph17030298