Investigating Structure and Dynamics of Proteins in Amorphous Phases Using Neutron Scattering

In order to increase shelf life and minimize aggregation during storage, many biotherapeutic drugs are formulated and stored as either frozen solutions or lyophilized powders. However, characterizing amorphous solids can be challenging with the commonly available set of biophysical measurements used...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Computational and structural biotechnology journal 2017-01, Vol.15, p.117-130
Main Authors: Castellanos, Maria Monica, McAuley, Arnold, Curtis, Joseph E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
biotechnology
chemical elements
drugs
freeze drying
Freeze-dried proteins
freezing
Frozen protein solutions
Glasses
ingredients
Mini Review
Molecular dynamics
Neutron scattering
powders
Protein dynamics
Protein structure
proteins
shelf life
spectroscopy
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Summary:In order to increase shelf life and minimize aggregation during storage, many biotherapeutic drugs are formulated and stored as either frozen solutions or lyophilized powders. However, characterizing amorphous solids can be challenging with the commonly available set of biophysical measurements used for proteins in liquid solutions. Therefore, some questions remain regarding the structure of the active pharmaceutical ingredient during freezing and drying of the drug product and the molecular role of excipients. Neutron scattering is a powerful technique to study structure and dynamics of a variety of systems in both solid and liquid phases. Moreover, neutron scattering experiments can generally be correlated with theory and molecular simulations to analyze experimental data. In this article, we focus on the use of neutron techniques to address problems of biotechnological interest. We describe the use of small-angle neutron scattering to study the solution structure of biological molecules and the packing arrangement in amorphous phases, that is, frozen glasses and freeze-dried protein powders. In addition, we discuss the use of neutron spectroscopy to measure the dynamics of glassy systems at different time and length scales. Overall, we expect that the present article will guide and prompt the use of neutron scattering to provide unique insights on many of the outstanding questions in biotechnology.
ISSN:2001-0370
2001-0370
DOI:10.1016/j.csbj.2016.12.004