Thermal resistivity and hydrodynamics of the degenerate electron fluid in antimony

Detecting hydrodynamic fingerprints in the flow of electrons in solids constitutes a dynamic field of investigation in contemporary condensed matter physics. Most attention has been focused on the regime near the degeneracy temperature when the thermal velocity can present a spatially modulated prof...

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Published in:Nature communications 2021-01, Vol.12 (1), p.195-195, Article 195
Main Authors: Jaoui, Alexandre, Fauqué, Benoît, Behnia, Kamran
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/766/119/995
639/766/119/999
Antimony
Collision dynamics
Collision rates
Condensed matter physics
Electric currents
Electrical resistivity
Electrons
Fermi liquids
Fermions
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Fluid mechanics
Heat
Helium
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hydrodynamics
Life Sciences
Liquid helium
Lorenz number
Metals
Momentum
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Temperature dependence
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Velocity
Viscosity
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description Detecting hydrodynamic fingerprints in the flow of electrons in solids constitutes a dynamic field of investigation in contemporary condensed matter physics. Most attention has been focused on the regime near the degeneracy temperature when the thermal velocity can present a spatially modulated profile. Here, we report on the observation of a hydrodynamic feature in the flow of quasi-ballistic degenerate electrons in bulk antimony. By scrutinizing the temperature dependence of thermal and electric resistivities, we detect a size-dependent departure from the Wiedemann-Franz law, unexpected in the momentum-relaxing picture of transport. This observation finds a natural explanation in the hydrodynamic picture, where upon warming, momentum-conserving collisions reduce quadratically in temperature both viscosity and thermal diffusivity. This effect has been established theoretically and experimentally in normal-state liquid 3 He. The comparison of electrons in antimony and fermions in 3 He paves the way to a quantification of momentum-conserving fermion-fermion collision rate in different Fermi liquids. Viscous fermionic flow appears in liquid helium but rarely appears in metallic solid. Here, Jaoui et al. report a T-square thermal resistivity due to momentum conserving electronic scattering in semi-metallic antimony, which is in agreement with the hydrodynamic scenario.
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subjects 639/766/119/995
639/766/119/999
Antimony
Collision dynamics
Collision rates
Condensed matter physics
Electric currents
Electrical resistivity
Electrons
Fermi liquids
Fermions
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Fluid mechanics
Heat
Helium
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hydrodynamics
Life Sciences
Liquid helium
Lorenz number
Metals
Momentum
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Temperature dependence
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Velocity
Viscosity
title Thermal resistivity and hydrodynamics of the degenerate electron fluid in antimony
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