Linking Gut Microbiome and Lipid Metabolism: Moving beyond Associations

Various studies aiming to elucidate the role of the gut microbiome-metabolome co-axis in health and disease have primarily focused on water-soluble polar metabolites, whilst non-polar microbial lipids have received less attention. The concept of microbiota-dependent lipid biotransformation is over a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metabolites 2021-01, Vol.11 (1), p.55
Main Authors: Lamichhane, Santosh, Sen, Partho, Alves, Marina Amaral, Ribeiro, Henrique C, Raunioniemi, Peppi, Hyötyläinen, Tuulia, Orešič, Matej
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Biotransformation
Cholesterol
Diet
Digestive system
Fatty acids
Feces
Gastrointestinal tract
Gut
Homeostasis
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Lipid metabolism
lipidomics
Lipids
Metabolism
Metabolites
metabolomics
microbiome
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Physiology
Review
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Summary:Various studies aiming to elucidate the role of the gut microbiome-metabolome co-axis in health and disease have primarily focused on water-soluble polar metabolites, whilst non-polar microbial lipids have received less attention. The concept of microbiota-dependent lipid biotransformation is over a century old. However, only recently, several studies have shown how microbial lipids alter intestinal and circulating lipid concentrations in the host, thus impacting human lipid homeostasis. There is emerging evidence that gut microbial communities play a particularly significant role in the regulation of host cholesterol and sphingolipid homeostasis. Here, we review and discuss recent research focusing on microbe-host-lipid co-metabolism. We also discuss the interplay of human gut microbiota and molecular lipids entering host systemic circulation, and its role in health and disease.
ISSN:2218-1989
2218-1989
DOI:10.3390/metabo11010055