Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Chondroprotective Activities of Siraitia grosvenorii Residual Extract

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-04, Vol.25 (8), p.4268
• Main Authors: Lee, Yun-Mi, Kim, Dong-Seon
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Analgesics; Analgesics - pharmacology; Analgesics - therapeutic use; Animals; anti-inflammation; Anti-inflammatory agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Arthritis; Carrageenan - adverse effects; Cartilage; Cell culture; Chondrocytes - drug effects; Chondrocytes - metabolism; chondroprotection; Chronic illnesses; Collagen; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Drug dosages; Edema; Edema - chemically induced; Edema - drug therapy; Enzymes; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; interleukin-1β; Male; Metabolism; Mice; NF-κB signalling pathway; Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis - chemically induced; Osteoarthritis - drug therapy; Osteoarthritis - metabolism; Osteoarthritis - pathology; Pathogenesis; Phosphorylation; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Siraitia grosvenorii residue extract
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084268

Inflammation is crucial to osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate residue extract (NHGRE) obtained by extracting fruits with water as a potential food supplement for treating arthritis based on its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and chondroprotective effects and the remaining residue with 70% ethanol. We observed the analgesic activity of NHGRE based on the acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice, examined its anti-inflammatory efficacy against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice, and investigated its effect on inflammatory cytokine expression in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced SW1353 cells. Furthermore, we determined its effects on cartilage protection in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated SW1353 cells. NHGRE at 200 mg/kg significantly reduced the acetic acid-induced writhing response and prevented oedema formation in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model. In IL-1β-induced SW1353 cells, NHGRE at 400 µg/mL reduced the expression of inflammation mediators such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (55.3%), IL-6 (35.4%), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (36.9%) and down-regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 (38.6%), MMP-3 (29.3%), and MMP-13 (44.8%). Additionally, it restored degraded collagen II levels in chondrocytes. NHGRE plays a protective role in chondrocytes by regulating Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Overall, NHGRE may be a useful therapeutic agent for OA by controlling pain, oedema formation, and inflammation-related mechanisms.