Signals and Mechanisms Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Activation in the Pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Monocytes (Mos) and macrophages (Mφs) are key players in the innate immune system and are critical in coordinating the initiation, expansion, and regression of many autoimmune diseases. In addition, they display immunoregulatory effects that impact inflammation and are essential in tissue repair and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-08, Vol.22 (15), p.7960
Main Authors: Wu, Chao-Yi, Yang, Huang-Yu, Huang, Jing-Long, Lai, Jenn-Haung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Arthritis
Autoimmune diseases
Bone marrow
Cell activation
Chemokines
Cytokines
Disease
Gene expression
Growth factors
Immune system
Immunoregulation
Innate immunity
Joint diseases
juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Ligands
Lymphocytes
macrophage
Macrophages
monocyte
Monocytes
Pathogenesis
Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Monocytes (Mos) and macrophages (Mφs) are key players in the innate immune system and are critical in coordinating the initiation, expansion, and regression of many autoimmune diseases. In addition, they display immunoregulatory effects that impact inflammation and are essential in tissue repair and regeneration. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term describing inflammatory joint diseases in children. Accumulated evidence suggests a link between Mo and Mφ activation and JIA pathogenesis. Accordingly, topics regarding the signals and mechanisms regulating Mo and Mφ activation leading to pathologies in patients with JIA are of great interest. In this review, we critically summarize recent advances in the understanding of how Mo and Mφ activation is involved in JIA pathogenesis and focus on the signaling pathways and mechanisms participating in the related cell activation processes.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22157960