Energy Transitions in Western European Countries: Regulation Comparative Analysis

Shifting from fossil to renewable energy sources is a major global challenge, and in this context, the European Union has promoted sustainable and environmentally friendly growth as early as the Maastricht Treaty of 1992. To date, European institutions have promulgated a series of environmental regu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2021-07, Vol.14 (13), p.3940
Main Authors: Cucchiella, Federica, Condemi, Alessia, Rotilio, Marianna, Annibaldi, Valeria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Biomass
climate policy
Comparative analysis
Construction industry
Energy
Energy consumption
Energy policy
Energy resources
Energy sources
Environmental regulations
Heating
Literature reviews
policy implication
Regulations
renewable energy
Renewable energy sources
Renewable resources
Subsidies
sustainability
Western Europe
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Summary:Shifting from fossil to renewable energy sources is a major global challenge, and in this context, the European Union has promoted sustainable and environmentally friendly growth as early as the Maastricht Treaty of 1992. To date, European institutions have promulgated a series of environmental regulations and directives aimed at promoting and imposing adoption by member states of internal regulations. This paper is focused on Western Europe, and it explores, for each state under analysis, energy policies adopted, the results achieved and recommendations for the future growth of renewable energy. The results show that in countries where energy policy is not fragmented, the yield in renewable energies has been higher, and also in the states where more and various forms of subsidies are foreseen, growth seems to be greater. Finally, the paper provides useful recommendations and future policy implications for states that have not met the 2020 targets.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en14133940