Hyperbaric Oxygenation Prevents Loss of Immature Neurons in the Adult Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus Following Brain Injury

A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) may affect the activity of adult neural stem cells (NSCs). Since the role of NSCs in recovery from brain injury is still unclear, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sensorimotor cortex ablation (SCA) and H...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-02, Vol.24 (5), p.4261
Main Authors: Jeremic, Rada, Pekovic, Sanja, Lavrnja, Irena, Bjelobaba, Ivana, Djelic, Marina, Dacic, Sanja, Brkic, Predrag
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ablation
adult neurogenesis
Animals
Atmospheric pressure
Brain
Brain Injuries
Brain injury
Cell proliferation
Dendritic branching
Dentate Gyrus
Hippocampus
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Hyperbaric Oxygenation
Immunofluorescence
Immunohistochemistry
Injuries
Morphology
Neural stem cells
Neural Stem Cells - physiology
Neurodegeneration
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis - physiology
Neurons
Neurons - physiology
Oxygenation
Progenitor cells
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Somatosensory cortex
Stem cells
Suction
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) may affect the activity of adult neural stem cells (NSCs). Since the role of NSCs in recovery from brain injury is still unclear, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sensorimotor cortex ablation (SCA) and HBO treatment (HBOT) on the processes of neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG), a region of the hippocampus that is the site of adult neurogenesis. Ten-week-old Wistar rats were divided into groups: Control (C, intact animals), Sham control (S, animals that underwent the surgical procedure without opening the skull), SCA (animals in whom the right sensorimotor cortex was removed via suction ablation), and SCA + HBO (operated animals that passed HBOT). HBOT protocol: pressure applied at 2.5 absolute atmospheres for 60 min, once daily for 10 days. Using immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence labeling, we show that SCA causes significant loss of neurons in the DG. Newborn neurons in the subgranular zone (SGZ), inner-third, and partially mid-third of the granule cell layer are predominantly affected by SCA. HBOT decreases the SCA-caused loss of immature neurons, prevents reduction of dendritic arborization, and increases proliferation of progenitor cells. Our results suggest a protective effect of HBO by reducing the vulnerability of immature neurons in the adult DG to SCA injury.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms24054261