Acute schistosomiasis mansoni: revisited and reconsidered

Acute schistosomiasis is a systemic hypersensitivity reaction against the migrating schistosomula and eggs. A variety of clinical manifestations appear during the migration of schistosomes in humans: cercarial dermatitis, fever, pneumonia, diarrhoea, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, skin lesions, liver a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 2010-07, Vol.105 (4), p.422-435
Main Author: Lambertucci, José Roberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Disease
acute schistosomiasis
acute schistosomiasis - cercarial dermatitis - FUO - dermatitis - neuroschistosomiasis - pyogenic liver abscesses
Animals
cercarial dermatitis
dermatitis
Female
FUO
Humans
Male
neuroschistosomiasis
PARASITOLOGY
pyogenic liver abscesses
Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications
Schistosomiasis mansoni - diagnosis
Schistosomiasis mansoni - drug therapy
Schistosomiasis mansoni - transmission
Schistosomicides - therapeutic use
TROPICAL MEDICINE
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Summary:Acute schistosomiasis is a systemic hypersensitivity reaction against the migrating schistosomula and eggs. A variety of clinical manifestations appear during the migration of schistosomes in humans: cercarial dermatitis, fever, pneumonia, diarrhoea, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, skin lesions, liver abscesses, brain tumours and myelo- radiculopathy. Hypereosinophilia is common and aids diagnosis. The disease has been overlooked, misdiagnosed, underestimated and underreported in endemic areas, but risk groups are well known, including military recruits, some religious congregations, rural tourists and people practicing recreational water sports. Serology may help in diagnosis, but the finding of necrotic-exudative granulomata in a liver biopsy specimen is pathognomonic. Differentials include malaria, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, kala-azar, prolonged Salmonella bacteraemia, lymphoma, toxocariasis, liver abscesses and fever of undetermined origin. For symptomatic hospitalised patients, treatment with steroids and schistosomicides is recommended. Treatment is curative in those timely diagnosed.
ISSN:1678-8060
0074-0276
1678-8060
0074-0276
DOI:10.1590/S0074-02762010000400012