GPX3 Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19

In SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive activation of the immune system intensively increases reactive oxygen species levels, causing harmful hyperinflammatory and oxidative state cumulative effects which may contribute to COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we assumed that antioxidant genetic profile, indepen...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-11, Vol.24 (22), p.16151
Main Authors: Markovic, Marko, Ranin, Jovan, Bukumiric, Zoran, Jerotic, Djurdja, Savic-Radojevic, Ana, Pljesa-Ercegovac, Marija, Djukic, Tatjana, Ercegovac, Marko, Asanin, Milika, Milosevic, Ivana, Stevanovic, Goran, Simic, Tatjana, Coric, Vesna, Matic, Marija
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antioxidant genetic profile
Antioxidants
Blood tests
COVID-19
Creatinine
Diabetes
disease progression
Enzymes
Genes
Genotype & phenotype
GPX3
Hypertension
Infections
Inflammation
inflammatory markers
Laboratories
Lymphocytes
Mortality
Oxidative stress
Proteins
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viruses
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Summary:In SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive activation of the immune system intensively increases reactive oxygen species levels, causing harmful hyperinflammatory and oxidative state cumulative effects which may contribute to COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we assumed that antioxidant genetic profile, independently and complemented with laboratory markers, modulates COVID-19 severity. The study included 265 COVID-19 patients. Polymorphism of GSTM1, GSTT1, Nrf2 rs6721961, GSTM3 rs1332018, GPX3 rs8177412, GSTP1 rs1695, GSTO1 rs4925, GSTO2 rs156697, SOD2 rs4880 and GPX1 rs1050450 genes was determined with appropriate PCR-based methods. Inflammation (interleukin-6, CRP, fibrinogen, ferritin) and organ damage (urea, creatinine, transaminases and LDH) markers, complete blood count and coagulation status (d-dimer, fibrinogen) were measured. We found significant association for COVID-19 progression for patients with lymphocytes below 1.0 × 109/L (OR = 2.97, p = 0.002). Increased IL-6 and CRP were also associated with disease progression (OR = 8.52, p = 0.001, and OR = 10.97, p < 0.001, respectively), as well as elevated plasma AST and LDH (OR = 2.25, p = 0.021, and OR = 4.76, p < 0.001, respectively). Of all the examined polymorphisms, we found significant association with the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19 for GPX3 rs8177412 variant genotype (OR = 2.42, p = 0.032). This finding could be of particular importance in the future, complementing other diagnostic tools for prediction of COVID-19 disease course.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms242216151