Mechanisms of Actions Involved in The Antinociceptive Effect of Estragole and its β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Animal Models

• Published in: Plants (Basel) 2022-10, Vol.11 (21), p.2854
• Main Authors: da Costa, Roger Henrique Sousa, Martins, Anita Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra, Pessoa, Renata Torres, Alshehri, Saad Ali, Wahab, Shadma, Ahmad, Md Faruque, Suliman, Muath, da Silva, Lucas Yure Santos, Alcântara, Isabel Sousa, Ramos, Andreza Guedes Barbosa, Oliveira, Maria Rayane Correia de, Batista, Francisco Lucas Alves, Delmondes, Gyllyandeson de Araújo, de Farias, Pablo Antonio Maia, Rocha, Janaína Esmeraldo, Coutinho, Henrique Douglas Melo, Raposo, António, Carrascosa, Conrado, Jaber, José Raduan, de Menezes, Irwin Rose Alencar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Animal models; Animals; Bioavailability; Central nervous system; Cyclic GMP; Cyclodextrins; Drug dosages; Drug therapy; Essential oils; estragole; Formaldehyde; Glutamatergic transmission; Inclusion complexes; monoterpene; Narcotics; Natural products; Nitric oxide; nociception; Oils & fats; Pain; Pain perception; Pharmacology; Spectrum analysis; β-Cyclodextrin
• ISSN: 2223-7747; 2223-7747
• DOI: 10.3390/plants11212854

(1) Background: estragole is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of several aromatic plants, which can be used for several pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of estragole (Es) and its β-cyclodextrins inclusion complex (Es/β-CD). (2) Methods: the effects of Es and Es/β-CD on the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated through open field and rota-rod assays, and the antinociceptive effect in formalin models, abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid, hot plate, tail flick test and plantar mechanical hyperalgesia. (3) Results: Es and Es/β-CD showed no alterations on the CNS evaluated parameters and the results suggested there was an antinociceptive action in the formalin, abdominal writhing, hot plate, tail flick tests and plantar mechanical hyperalgesia, proposing the involvement of the nitric oxide, glutamatergic signaling pathways, cyclic guanosine monophosphate and vanilloid pathways. (4) Conclusion: the results suggest that Es and Es/β-CD have a promising antinociceptive potential as a possible alternative for the pharmacological treatment of pain, also showing that the encapsulation of Es in β-cyclodextrins probably improves its pharmacological properties, since the complexation process involves much lower amounts of the compound, contributing to better bioavailability and a lower probability of adverse effect development.