Immunoprofiling of Equine Plasma against Deinagkistrodon acutus in Taiwan: Key to Understanding Differential Neutralization Potency in Immunized Horses

Snakebite envenoming is a public health issue linked to high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. Although antivenom has been the mainstay treatment for envenomed victims receiving medical care, the diverse therapeutic efficacy of the produced antivenom is a major limitation. is a venomous snake...

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Published in:Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2023-01, Vol.8 (1), p.51
Main Authors: Wu, Cho-Ju, Liaw, Geng-Wang, Chen, Chun-Kuei, Ouyang, Chun-Hsiang, Yang, Yi-Xiu, Chu, Li-Chieh, Hsiao, Yung-Chin, Liu, Chien-Hsin, Hsieh, Wen-Chin, Wang, Cyong-Yi, Liou, Yu-Syuan, Liu, Chien-Chun, Hsieh, Cheng-Hsien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acutolysin A
Animals
Antibodies
antivenom
Deinagkistrodon acutus
horse plasma
Horses
immunoprofiling
International organizations
neutralization potency
Plasma
Proteins
Snake bites
Snakes
Venom
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Summary:Snakebite envenoming is a public health issue linked to high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. Although antivenom has been the mainstay treatment for envenomed victims receiving medical care, the diverse therapeutic efficacy of the produced antivenom is a major limitation. is a venomous snake that poses significant concern of risks to human life in Taiwan, and successful production of antivenom against envenoming remains a considerable challenge. Among groups of horses subjected to immunization schedules, few or none subsequently meet the quality required for further scale-up harvesting. The determinants underlying the variable immune responses of horses to venom are currently unknown. In this study, we assessed the immunoprofiles of high-potency and low-potency horse plasma against venom and explored the conspicuous differences between these two groups. Based on the results of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), acutolysin A was identified as the major component of venom proteins that immunoreacted differentially with the two plasma samples. Our findings indicate underlying differences in antivenoms with variable neutralization efficacies, and may provide valuable insights for improvement of antivenom production in the future.
ISSN:2414-6366
2414-6366
DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed8010051