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Clinical leishmaniosis in a captive Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Spain: a case report
Captive and free-ranging wild mammals have been recognized as potential reservoirs of Leishmania infantum infection. The aim of this study was to describe the first clinical case of leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter. A case of clinical leishmaniosis is reported in a 4-year-old male Eurasian otter...
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| Published in: | BMC veterinary research 2020-08, Vol.16 (1), p.312-6, Article 312 |
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| creator | Cantos-Barreda, Ana Navarro, Ricardo Pardo-Marín, Luis Martínez-Subiela, Silvia Ortega, Elena Cerón, José J Tecles, Fernando Escribano, Damián |
| description | Captive and free-ranging wild mammals have been recognized as potential reservoirs of Leishmania infantum infection. The aim of this study was to describe the first clinical case of leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter.
A case of clinical leishmaniosis is reported in a 4-year-old male Eurasian otter housed at a wildlife park (Murcia, South Eastern Spain). The Eurasian otter showed bilateral epistaxis, anorexia, apathy, and weight loss. A complete blood cell count and biochemical analyses revealed hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, decreases of paraoxonase-1, increases of haptoglobin and ferritin, and proteinuria. Bilateral nephropathy with hydronephrosis, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, and ascites were also observed. L. infantum infection was confirmed by microscopy (amastigotes were detected in macrophages from spleen aspirate), molecular diagnosis (L. infantum DNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction), and serology (anti-Leishmania IgG2 antibodies were detected by time-resolved immunofluorometry). The animal was treated with allopurinol for 3 months and gained weight, the epistaxis disappeared, and the ferritin concentration decreased.
This is the first report of clinical leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter. Our results suggest that Eurasian otters are susceptible to infection with L. infantum and can develop clinical leishmaniosis in endemic areas. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12917-020-02509-x |
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A case of clinical leishmaniosis is reported in a 4-year-old male Eurasian otter housed at a wildlife park (Murcia, South Eastern Spain). The Eurasian otter showed bilateral epistaxis, anorexia, apathy, and weight loss. A complete blood cell count and biochemical analyses revealed hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, decreases of paraoxonase-1, increases of haptoglobin and ferritin, and proteinuria. Bilateral nephropathy with hydronephrosis, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, and ascites were also observed. L. infantum infection was confirmed by microscopy (amastigotes were detected in macrophages from spleen aspirate), molecular diagnosis (L. infantum DNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction), and serology (anti-Leishmania IgG2 antibodies were detected by time-resolved immunofluorometry). The animal was treated with allopurinol for 3 months and gained weight, the epistaxis disappeared, and the ferritin concentration decreased.
This is the first report of clinical leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter. Our results suggest that Eurasian otters are susceptible to infection with L. infantum and can develop clinical leishmaniosis in endemic areas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1746-6148</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1746-6148</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02509-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32854701</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Allopurinol ; Allopurinol - therapeutic use ; Amastigotes ; Animals ; Anorexia ; Ascites ; Blood ; Bone marrow ; Captive wild animals ; Case Report ; Case reports ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Diagnosis ; Diseases ; DNA ; Dogs ; Emotional behavior ; Eurasian otter ; Ferritin ; Haptoglobin ; Immunoglobulin G ; Infections ; Leishmania infantum ; Leishmania infantum - drug effects ; Leishmania infantum - genetics ; Leishmania infantum - isolation & purification ; Leishmaniasis ; Leishmaniasis - drug therapy ; Leishmaniasis - epidemiology ; Leishmaniasis - veterinary ; Leishmaniosis ; Lutra lutra ; Macrophages ; Male ; Natural infection ; Nephropathy ; Otters ; Otters - parasitology ; Paraoxonase ; Parasites ; Polyclonal antibodies ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Proteinuria ; Serology ; Sheep ; Spain - epidemiology ; Spleen ; Urinalysis ; Wildlife</subject><ispartof>BMC veterinary research, 2020-08, Vol.16 (1), p.312-6, Article 312</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-403715909a0beabd5b30825bb8411f8a1dbc9134408afb7a5ada936de184b14c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-403715909a0beabd5b30825bb8411f8a1dbc9134408afb7a5ada936de184b14c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7082-6172</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7450804/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2444114734?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,44590,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854701$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cantos-Barreda, Ana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Navarro, Ricardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pardo-Marín, Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martínez-Subiela, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortega, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cerón, José J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tecles, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Escribano, Damián</creatorcontrib><title>Clinical leishmaniosis in a captive Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Spain: a case report</title><title>BMC veterinary research</title><addtitle>BMC Vet Res</addtitle><description>Captive and free-ranging wild mammals have been recognized as potential reservoirs of Leishmania infantum infection. The aim of this study was to describe the first clinical case of leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter.
A case of clinical leishmaniosis is reported in a 4-year-old male Eurasian otter housed at a wildlife park (Murcia, South Eastern Spain). The Eurasian otter showed bilateral epistaxis, anorexia, apathy, and weight loss. A complete blood cell count and biochemical analyses revealed hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, decreases of paraoxonase-1, increases of haptoglobin and ferritin, and proteinuria. Bilateral nephropathy with hydronephrosis, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, and ascites were also observed. L. infantum infection was confirmed by microscopy (amastigotes were detected in macrophages from spleen aspirate), molecular diagnosis (L. infantum DNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction), and serology (anti-Leishmania IgG2 antibodies were detected by time-resolved immunofluorometry). The animal was treated with allopurinol for 3 months and gained weight, the epistaxis disappeared, and the ferritin concentration decreased.
This is the first report of clinical leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter. Our results suggest that Eurasian otters are susceptible to infection with L. infantum and can develop clinical leishmaniosis in endemic areas.</description><subject>Allopurinol</subject><subject>Allopurinol - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Amastigotes</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anorexia</subject><subject>Ascites</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Bone marrow</subject><subject>Captive wild animals</subject><subject>Case Report</subject><subject>Case reports</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Diseases</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Emotional behavior</subject><subject>Eurasian otter</subject><subject>Ferritin</subject><subject>Haptoglobin</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Leishmania infantum</subject><subject>Leishmania infantum - drug effects</subject><subject>Leishmania infantum - genetics</subject><subject>Leishmania infantum - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis - drug therapy</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis - veterinary</subject><subject>Leishmaniosis</subject><subject>Lutra lutra</subject><subject>Macrophages</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Natural infection</subject><subject>Nephropathy</subject><subject>Otters</subject><subject>Otters - parasitology</subject><subject>Paraoxonase</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Polyclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Proteinuria</subject><subject>Serology</subject><subject>Sheep</subject><subject>Spain - epidemiology</subject><subject>Spleen</subject><subject>Urinalysis</subject><subject>Wildlife</subject><issn>1746-6148</issn><issn>1746-6148</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUl2L1DAULaK46-of8EEKvuhD13zcpokPwjKsujDggwq-hZs0nc3QNjVpl_Xfm5lZlxmQkNxwc87hnnCK4jUll5RK8SFRpmhTEUbyromq7p8U57QBUQkK8unR_ax4kdKWEADViOfFGWeyhobQ8-LXqvejt9iXvfPpdsDRh-RT6ccSS4vT7O9ceb1ETB7HMsyzi-W79TJHLPvd-X6H_D6hHz_uCcmV0U0hzi-LZx32yb16qBfFz8_XP1Zfq_W3Lzerq3Vla8HnCghvaK2IQmIcmrY2nEhWGyOB0k4ibY1VlAMQiZ1psMYWFRetoxIMBcsvipuDbhtwq6foB4x_dECv940QNxrj7G3vtEMnhaCMASOgsDVAnGltJ42lRFiWtT4dtKbFDK61bswO-xPR05fR3-pNuNMN1EQSyAJvHwRi-L24NOttWOKY_WsGkB1Bw49QG8xT-bELWcwOPll9JTgolb-DZ9Tlf1B5tW7wNoyu87l_QmAHgo0hpei6x8Ep0bvA6ENgdA6M3gdG32fSm2PLj5R_CeF_AeHXutY</recordid><startdate>20200827</startdate><enddate>20200827</enddate><creator>Cantos-Barreda, Ana</creator><creator>Navarro, Ricardo</creator><creator>Pardo-Marín, Luis</creator><creator>Martínez-Subiela, Silvia</creator><creator>Ortega, Elena</creator><creator>Cerón, José J</creator><creator>Tecles, Fernando</creator><creator>Escribano, Damián</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-6172</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200827</creationdate><title>Clinical leishmaniosis in a captive Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Spain: a case report</title><author>Cantos-Barreda, Ana ; Navarro, Ricardo ; Pardo-Marín, Luis ; Martínez-Subiela, Silvia ; Ortega, Elena ; Cerón, José J ; Tecles, Fernando ; Escribano, Damián</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-403715909a0beabd5b30825bb8411f8a1dbc9134408afb7a5ada936de184b14c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Allopurinol</topic><topic>Allopurinol - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Amastigotes</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anorexia</topic><topic>Ascites</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Bone marrow</topic><topic>Captive wild animals</topic><topic>Case Report</topic><topic>Case reports</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Diseases</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Emotional behavior</topic><topic>Eurasian otter</topic><topic>Ferritin</topic><topic>Haptoglobin</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Leishmania infantum</topic><topic>Leishmania infantum - drug effects</topic><topic>Leishmania infantum - genetics</topic><topic>Leishmania infantum - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis - drug therapy</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis - veterinary</topic><topic>Leishmaniosis</topic><topic>Lutra lutra</topic><topic>Macrophages</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Natural infection</topic><topic>Nephropathy</topic><topic>Otters</topic><topic>Otters - 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The aim of this study was to describe the first clinical case of leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter.
A case of clinical leishmaniosis is reported in a 4-year-old male Eurasian otter housed at a wildlife park (Murcia, South Eastern Spain). The Eurasian otter showed bilateral epistaxis, anorexia, apathy, and weight loss. A complete blood cell count and biochemical analyses revealed hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, decreases of paraoxonase-1, increases of haptoglobin and ferritin, and proteinuria. Bilateral nephropathy with hydronephrosis, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, and ascites were also observed. L. infantum infection was confirmed by microscopy (amastigotes were detected in macrophages from spleen aspirate), molecular diagnosis (L. infantum DNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction), and serology (anti-Leishmania IgG2 antibodies were detected by time-resolved immunofluorometry). The animal was treated with allopurinol for 3 months and gained weight, the epistaxis disappeared, and the ferritin concentration decreased.
This is the first report of clinical leishmaniosis in the Eurasian otter. Our results suggest that Eurasian otters are susceptible to infection with L. infantum and can develop clinical leishmaniosis in endemic areas.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>32854701</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12917-020-02509-x</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-6172</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Open Access: PubMed Central; Publicly Available Content Database |
| subjects | Allopurinol Allopurinol - therapeutic use Amastigotes Animals Anorexia Ascites Blood Bone marrow Captive wild animals Case Report Case reports Deoxyribonucleic acid Diagnosis Diseases DNA Dogs Emotional behavior Eurasian otter Ferritin Haptoglobin Immunoglobulin G Infections Leishmania infantum Leishmania infantum - drug effects Leishmania infantum - genetics Leishmania infantum - isolation & purification Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis - drug therapy Leishmaniasis - epidemiology Leishmaniasis - veterinary Leishmaniosis Lutra lutra Macrophages Male Natural infection Nephropathy Otters Otters - parasitology Paraoxonase Parasites Polyclonal antibodies Polymerase chain reaction Proteinuria Serology Sheep Spain - epidemiology Spleen Urinalysis Wildlife |
| title | Clinical leishmaniosis in a captive Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Spain: a case report |
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