Cover Crops Affect Soil Mineral Nitrogen and N Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Maize No-Tillage System in the Brazilian Cerrado

Cover crops in no-tillage systems may alter soil mineral N and influence the N fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) of subsequent maize. The hypothesis of this work is that no-tillage systems with cover crops affect nitrate, ammonium and maize NFUE in the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective was to evaluate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Land (Basel) 2024-05, Vol.13 (5), p.693
Main Authors: Carvalho, Arminda Moreira de, Ramos, Maria Lucrecia Gerosa, da Silva, Vivian Galdino, de Sousa, Thais Rodrigues, Malaquias, Juaci Vitoria, Ribeiro, Fabiana Piontekowski, de Oliveira, Alexsandra Duarte, Marchão, Robélio Leandro, da Fonseca, Ana Caroline Pereira, Dantas, Raíssa de Araujo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural practices
Agricultural research
Ammonium
annual crops
Corn
Cover crops
Crop residues
Crop rotation
Crops
Efficiency
Environmental aspects
Fertilization
Fertilizers
Legumes
Mineralization
nitrate
Nitrates
Nitrogen
Nitrogen content
Nitrogen fertilizers
No-till cropping
No-tillage
Physiological aspects
Rainy season
Seasons
Soils
Tillage
Zea mays
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Summary:Cover crops in no-tillage systems may alter soil mineral N and influence the N fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) of subsequent maize. The hypothesis of this work is that no-tillage systems with cover crops affect nitrate, ammonium and maize NFUE in the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective was to evaluate the cover crop mineralization effect on soil N mineral and maize NFUE in a no-tillage system, with and without N topdressing. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block split-plot design. The plots were represented by cover crops (Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, Raphanus sativus and Mucuna aterrima). The subplots consisted of the application (WN) or non-application (NN) of N topdressing to maize. The soil was sampled in six layers (up to 60 cm) at the end (April) and at the beginning of the rainy season (November). NH4+ was lower for all cover crops and WN and NN management in April. NO3− differed between seasons and cover crops in WN and NN. The lignin concentration and N uptake of M. aterrima were the highest compared to other species. The highest NFUE was on R. sativus, showing higher fertilizer dependency. In a no-tillage system with cover crops, the N topdressing fertilization needs to be improved, considering mineralization.
ISSN:2073-445X
2073-445X
DOI:10.3390/land13050693