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Macrolide-refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: case report and literature review

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes various extra-pulmonary complications. As a rare but fatal hematological complication, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) can be observed in children with M. pneumoniae infection. We report a case of a 6-year-old girl with HLH who was initially presumed to have mac...

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Published in:Taehan Soa Ŭnggup Ŭhakhoe chi 2020-12, Vol.7 (2), p.145-150
Main Authors: Ma, Sung-Yun, Kim, Danbi, Lee, Juyoung, Cho, Kyoungsoon, Suh, Jin-Soon, Lee, Soo-Young
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes various extra-pulmonary complications. As a rare but fatal hematological complication, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) can be observed in children with M. pneumoniae infection. We report a case of a 6-year-old girl with HLH who was initially presumed to have macrolide-refractory M. pneumoniae pneumonia. Despite the combination treatment of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents, she showed persistent fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia. Secondary HLH associated with M. pneumoniae should be considered if unexplained clinical deterioration is noted in children with macrolide-refractory M. pneumoniae pneumonia.
ISSN:2383-4897
2508-5506
DOI:10.22470/pemj.2020.00094