Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms of the Eukaryotic Cytochrome- c Maturation System

Cytochromes- are ubiquitous heme proteins with enormous impact at the cellular level, being key players in metabolic processes such as electron transfer chains and apoptosis. The assembly of these proteins requires maturation systems that catalyse the formation of the covalent thioether bond between...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-04, Vol.12 (4), p.549
Main Authors: Silva, Ana V, Firmino, Maria O, Costa, Nazua L, Louro, Ricardo O, Paquete, Catarina M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acid sequence
Apoptosis
Bacteria
Binding sites
CcHL
Cytochrome
Cytochrome c
Cytochromes c - metabolism
E coli
Electron transfer
Enzymes
Eukaryota - metabolism
Eukaryotic Cells - metabolism
Genomics
Heme - metabolism
Heme proteins
lyase
Lyases - metabolism
Molecular modelling
multiheme cytochrome
Mutagenesis
Mutation
Plasmids
Polypeptides
Potassium
Protein expression
Proteins
Small Tetraheme Cytochrome
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Summary:Cytochromes- are ubiquitous heme proteins with enormous impact at the cellular level, being key players in metabolic processes such as electron transfer chains and apoptosis. The assembly of these proteins requires maturation systems that catalyse the formation of the covalent thioether bond between two cysteine residues and the vinyl groups of the heme. System III is the maturation system present in Eukaryotes, designated CcHL or HCCS. This System requires a specific amino acid sequence in the apocytochrome to be recognized as a substrate and for heme insertion. To explore the recognition mechanisms of CcHL, the bacterial tetraheme cytochrome STC from MR-1, which is not a native substrate for System III, was mutated to be identified as a substrate. The results obtained show that it is possible to convert a bacterial cytochrome as a substrate by CcHL, but the presence of the recognition sequence is not the only factor that induces the maturation of a holocytochrome by System III. The location of this sequence in the polypeptide also plays a role in the maturation of the -type cytochrome. Furthermore, CcHL appears to be able to catalyse the binding of only one heme per polypeptide chain, being unable to assemble multiheme cytochromes , in contrast with bacterial maturation systems.
ISSN:2218-273X
2218-273X
DOI:10.3390/biom12040549