Dosage Compensation in Drosophila: Its Canonical and Non-Canonical Mechanisms

Dosage compensation equalizes gene expression in a single male X chromosome with that in the pairs of autosomes and female X chromosomes. In the fruit fly Drosophila, canonical dosage compensation is implemented by the male-specific lethal (MSL) complex functioning in all male somatic cells. This co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-09, Vol.23 (18), p.10976
Main Authors: Shevelyov, Yuri Y., Ulianov, Sergey V., Gelfand, Mikhail S., Belyakin, Stepan N., Razin, Sergey V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chromosomes
Dosage compensation
Drosophila
Females
Fruit flies
Gene dosage
Gene expression
genome architecture
Genomes
Insects
Kinases
Males
MSL complex
Mutation
Proteins
Review
Somatic cells
X chromosome
X chromosomes
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Summary:Dosage compensation equalizes gene expression in a single male X chromosome with that in the pairs of autosomes and female X chromosomes. In the fruit fly Drosophila, canonical dosage compensation is implemented by the male-specific lethal (MSL) complex functioning in all male somatic cells. This complex contains acetyl transferase males absent on the first (MOF), which performs H4K16 hyperacetylation specifically in the male X chromosome, thus facilitating transcription of the X-linked genes. However, accumulating evidence points to an existence of additional, non-canonical dosage compensation mechanisms operating in somatic and germline cells. In this review, we discuss current advances in the understanding of both canonical and non-canonical mechanisms of dosage compensation in Drosophila.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms231810976