Does the utilization of fluoroscopy affect the accuracy of prosthesis position in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery via the direct anterior approach compared to the posterolateral approach for an experienced surgeon? A single-center retrospective study

• Published in: BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2024-10, Vol.25 (1), p.816-7, Article 816
• Main Authors: Wu, Po-Kuan, Chang, Wen-Shuo, Chen, Kuan-Ting, Huang, Po-Chang, Ho, Chung-Han, Chien, Chi-Sheng, Wu, Tsung-Mu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accuracy; Acetabular position; Acetabulum; Adults; Aged; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - methods; Artificial hip joints; Biomechanics; Clinical Competence; Direct anterior approach; Female; Fluoroscopy; Fluoroscopy - methods; Hip; Hip joint; Hip Joint - diagnostic imaging; Hip Joint - surgery; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Implants, Artificial; Joint replacement surgery; Joint surgery; Leg; Leg length discrepancy; Leg Length Inequality - diagnostic imaging; Leg Length Inequality - surgery; Male; Mechanical properties; Medical records; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Patients; Physiological aspects; Posterolateral approach; Prostheses; Prosthesis; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Surgeons; Surgery; Total hip arthroplasty; Transplants & implants; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1471-2474; 1471-2474
• DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07917-w

The direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has gained popularity due to perceived advantages in achieving better early outcomes. However, the theoretical benefits such as precise implant positioning and accurate leg length restoration are still inconsistent. In this study, we compared implant position and leg length discrepancy (LLD) of the DAA and posterolateral approach (PLA) conducted by a single surgeon who had mastered both approaches. This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiographic images of 244 patients who underwent THA between 2012 and 2021 by a single experienced surgeon using either the DAA (n = 120) or PLA (n = 124). Postoperative pelvic anteroposterior radiographs at 6 months follow-up were used to assess acetabular component inclination and anteversion, as well as LLD. Mann-Whitney U tests and Chi-squared test were performed to compare outcomes between the two approaches. No significant differences were observed in patient demographics between the two groups. The DAA group demonstrated significantly lower postoperative LLD (0.00 mm) compared to the PLA group (5.00 mm, p