Artificial urinary sphincter: current status and future directions

Urge urinary incontinence (UUI) is one of the most troublesome complications of surgery of the prostate whether for malignancy or benign conditions. For many decades, there have been attempts to reduce the morbidity of this outcome with variable results. Since its development in the 1970s, the artif...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Asian journal of andrology 2020-03, Vol.22 (2), p.154-157
Main Author: Carson, Culley
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
artificial sphincter
bladder sling
prostate
sphincter
urinary incontinence
Bladder
Care and treatment
Deflation (Economics)
Design
Humans
Incontinence
Infections
Invited Review
Morbidity
Patient satisfaction
Prostatectomy - adverse effects
Prosthesis Design
Surgery
Urinary incontinence
Urinary Incontinence, Urge - etiology
Urinary Incontinence, Urge - surgery
Urinary Sphincter, Artificial
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Summary:Urge urinary incontinence (UUI) is one of the most troublesome complications of surgery of the prostate whether for malignancy or benign conditions. For many decades, there have been attempts to reduce the morbidity of this outcome with variable results. Since its development in the 1970s, the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) has been the "gold standard" for treatment of the most severe cases of UUI. Other attempts including injectable bulking agents, previous sphincter designs, and slings have been developed, but largely abandoned because of poor long-term efficacy and significant complications. The AUS has had several sentinel redesigns since its first introduction to reduce erosion and infection and increase efficacy. None of these changes in the basic AUS design have occurred in the past three decades, and the AUS remains the same despite newer technology and materials that could improve its function and safety. Recently, newer compressive devices and slings to reposition the bladder neck for men with mild-to-moderate UUI have been developed with success in select patients. Similarly, the AUS has had applied antibiotic coating to all portions except the pressure-regulating balloon (PRB) to reduce infection risk. The basic AUS design, however, has not changed. With newer electronic technology, the concept of the electronic AUS or eAUS has been proposed and several possible iterations of this eAUS have been reported. While the eAUS is as yet not available, its development continues and a prototype device may be available soon. Possible design options are discussed in this review.
ISSN:1008-682X
1745-7262
DOI:10.4103/aja.aja_5_20