The Effect of the Traditional Mediterranean-Style Diet on Metabolic Risk Factors: A Meta-Analysis

The Mediterranean-style diet (MedSD) has gained attention for its positive effects on health outcomes, including metabolic risk factors. However, it is unknown as to which components of MedSD interventions are most beneficial in reducing risk. The objective of this meta-analysis was to obtain effect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2016-03, Vol.8 (3), p.168-168
Main Authors: Garcia, Marissa, Bihuniak, Jessica D, Shook, Julia, Kenny, Anne, Kerstetter, Jane, Huedo-Medina, Tania B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers - blood
Diet, Mediterranean
Humans
Mediterranean diet
meta-analysis
metabolic syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome - blood
Metabolic Syndrome - diagnosis
Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology
Metabolic Syndrome - prevention & control
Nutritional Status
Protective Factors
Review
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
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Summary:The Mediterranean-style diet (MedSD) has gained attention for its positive effects on health outcomes, including metabolic risk factors. However, it is unknown as to which components of MedSD interventions are most beneficial in reducing risk. The objective of this meta-analysis was to obtain effect sizes for metabolic risk factors and explain the variability across the current literature based on study design, sample, and diet characteristics. Six electronic databases were searched from inception until 9 February 2016. Data from 29 studies (N = 4133) were included. There were significant effects in favor of the MedSD for waist circumference, triglycerides, blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (d+ = -0.54; d+ = -0.46; d+ = -0.50; d+ = -0.72; d+ = -0.94, respectively). The MedSD was significantly beneficial when the intervention was longer in duration, was conducted in Europe, used a behavioral technique, and was conducted using small groups. The traditional MedSD had significant beneficial effects on five of the six metabolic risk factors. Results from this study provide support for population specific dietary guideline for metabolic risk reduction.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu8030168