The Widespread Use of Nanomaterials: The Effects on the Function and Diversity of Environmental Microbial Communities

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) 2022-10, Vol.10 (10), p.2080
• Main Authors: Sun, Chunshui, Hu, Ke, Mu, Dashuai, Wang, Zhijun, Yu, Xiuxia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algae; Atmosphere; Bacteria; Cell culture; Cell lines; Chemical oxygen demand; Comparative analysis; Ecological research; Ecotoxicology; Efficiency; Emissions control; environment microbial communities; Environmental aspects; Environmental conditions; Mammals; Microbial activity; Microbiomes; Microorganisms; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Natural environment; Organisms; Phosphorus removal; Physiological aspects; Pollutants; Pollution control; Pure culture; Review; Sludge; Social change; Soil environment; Soil water; Structure-function relationships; Toxicity; Water treatment; Zinc oxides
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102080

In recent years, as an emerging material, nanomaterials have rapidly expanded from laboratories to large-scale industrial productions. Along with people’s productive activities, these nanomaterials can enter the natural environment of soil, water and atmosphere through various ways. At present, a large number of reports have proved that nanomaterials have certain toxic effects on bacteria, algae, plants, invertebrates, mammalian cell lines and mammals in these environments, but people still know little about the ecotoxicology of nanomaterials. Most relevant studies focus on the responses of model strains to nanomaterials in pure culture conditions, but these results do not fully represent the response of microbial communities to nanomaterials in natural environments. Over the years, the effect of nanomaterials infiltrated into the natural environment on the microbial communities has become a popular topic in the field of nano-ecological environment research. It was found that under different environmental conditions, nanomaterials have various effects on the microbial communities. The medium; the coexisting pollutants in the environment and the structure, particle size and surface modification of nanomaterials may cause changes in the structure and function of microbial communities. This paper systematically summarizes the impacts of different nanomaterials on microbial communities in various environments, which can provide a reference for us to evaluate the impacts of nanomaterials released into the environment on the microecology and has certain guiding significance for strengthening the emission control of nanomaterials pollutants.