Gut Microbiota Host-Gene Interaction

Studies carried out in the last ten years have shown that the metabolites made up from the gut microbiota are essential for multiple functions, such as the correct development of the immune system of newborns, interception of pathogens, and nutritional enrichment of the diet. Therefore, it is not su...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-11, Vol.23 (22), p.13717
Main Authors: Cuomo, Paola, Capparelli, Rosanna, Alifano, Marco, Iannelli, Antonio, Iannelli, Domenico
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacterial infections
Carbohydrates
Colorectal carcinoma
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet
Digestive system
Enzymes
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gene expression
gut cancer
gut microbiota
Helicobacter pylori
Homeostasis
Host Microbial Interactions
Immune system
Infections
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Influence
Interception
Intestinal microflora
Ligands
Lung cancer
Lung diseases
Metabolism
Metabolites
Metagenomics
Mice
Microbiota
Neonates
Nutrients
Pathogens
Review
Transplantation
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Summary:Studies carried out in the last ten years have shown that the metabolites made up from the gut microbiota are essential for multiple functions, such as the correct development of the immune system of newborns, interception of pathogens, and nutritional enrichment of the diet. Therefore, it is not surprising that alteration of the gut microbiota is the starting point of gastrointestinal infection, obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Diet changes and antibiotics are the major factors damaging the gut microbiota. Early exposure of the newborns to antibiotics may prevent their correct development of the immune system, exposing them to pathogen infections, allergies, and chronic inflammatory diseases. We already know much on how host genes, microbiota, and the environment interact, owing to experiments in several model animals, especially in mice; advances in molecular technology; microbiota transplantation; and comparative metagenomic analysis. However, much more remains to be known. Longitudinal studies on patients undergoing to therapy, along with the identification of bacteria prevalent in responding patients may provide valuable data for improving therapies.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms232213717