Sphingolipid Catabolism and Glycerophospholipid Levels Are Altered in Erythrocytes and Plasma from Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Changes in lipid metabolism have been suggested to play important roles in MS pathophysiology and progression. In this work we analyzed the lipid composition and sphingolipid-catabolizing enzy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-07, Vol.23 (14), p.7592
Main Authors: Momchilova, Albena, Pankov, Roumen, Alexandrov, Alexander, Markovska, Tania, Pankov, Stefan, Krastev, Plamen, Staneva, Galya, Vassileva, Evgenia, Krastev, Nikolai, Pinkas, Adriana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acid sphingomyelinase
alkaline ceramidase
Catabolism
Central nervous system
Ceramidase
Ceramide
Disease
Enzymes
Erythrocytes
Inflammation
Kinases
Lipid composition
Lipid metabolism
Lipid peroxidation
Lipids
Membranes
Metabolism
Metabolites
Multiple sclerosis
Neurodegeneration
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology
Patients
Plasma
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Precision medicine
sphingolipids
Sphingomyelin
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
sphingosine
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Summary:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Changes in lipid metabolism have been suggested to play important roles in MS pathophysiology and progression. In this work we analyzed the lipid composition and sphingolipid-catabolizing enzymes in erythrocytes and plasma from MS patients and healthy controls. We observed reduction of sphingomyelin (SM) and elevation of its products—ceramide (CER) and shingosine (SPH). These changes were supported by the detected up-regulation of the activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in MS plasma and alkaline ceramidase (ALCER) in erythrocytes from MS patients. In addition, Western blot analysis showed elevated expression of ASM, but not of ALCER. We also compared the ratios between saturated (SAT), unsaturated (UNSAT) and polyunsaturated fatty acids and suggest, based on the significant differences observed for this ratio, that the UNSAT/SAT values could serve as a marker distinguishing erythrocytes and plasma of MS from controls. In conclusion, the application of lipid analysis in the medical practice would contribute to definition of more precise diagnosis, analysis of disease progression, and evaluation of therapeutic strategies. Based on the molecular changes of blood lipids in neurodegenerative pathologies, including MS, clinical lipidomic analytical approaches could become a promising contemporary tool for personalized medicine.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23147592