Determination of Florfenicol, Thiamfenicol and Chloramfenicol at Trace Levels in Animal Feed by HPLC⁻MS/MS

Administration of florfenicol and thiamfenicol through medicated feed is permitted within the European Union, always following veterinary prescription and respecting the withdrawal periods. However, the presence of low levels of florfenicol, thiamfenicol, and chloramfenicol in non-target feed is pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antibiotics (Basel) 2019-05, Vol.8 (2), p.59
Main Authors: Gavilán, Rosa Elvira, Nebot, Carolina, Patyra, Ewelina, Vazquez, Beatriz, Miranda, Jose Manuel, Cepeda, Alberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Animal feed
Antibiotics
chloramfenicol
Chromatography
Contamination
Control
Ethyl acetate
Feeds
Florfenicol
Food
Globalization
High performance liquid chromatography
Honey
HPLC–MS/MS
Ions
Levels
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Medicated feeds
Methods
Milk
non-target feed
Penicillin
Poultry
Scientific imaging
swine
thiamfenicol
Trace levels
validation
Veterinary medicine
Water purification
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Summary:Administration of florfenicol and thiamfenicol through medicated feed is permitted within the European Union, always following veterinary prescription and respecting the withdrawal periods. However, the presence of low levels of florfenicol, thiamfenicol, and chloramfenicol in non-target feed is prohibited. Since cross-contamination can occur during the production of medicated feed and according to Annex II of the European Regulation 2019/4/EC, the control of residue levels of florfenicol and thiamfenicol in non-target feed should be monitored and avoided. Based on all the above, a sensitive and reliable method using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous detection of chloramfenicol, florfenicol, and thiamfenicol at trace levels in animal feed. Analytes were extracted from minced feed with ethyl acetate. Then, the ethyl acetate was evaporated, the residue was resuspended in Milli-Q water and the extract filtered. The method was in-house validated at carryover levels, with concentration ranging from 100 to 1000 µg/kg. The validation was conducted following the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and all performance characteristics were successfully satisfied. The capability of the method to detect amfenicols at lower levels than any prior perspective regulation literature guarantees its applicability in official control activities. The developed method has been applied to non-compliant feed samples with satisfactory results.
ISSN:2079-6382
2079-6382
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics8020059